离合词是词还是短语:基于汉语母语者认知的考察  

Separable Words are Words or Phrases:An Investigation Based on the Perception of Native Chinese Speakers

作　　者：韩晓明 胡琬莹 向雅婕 HAN Xiaoming;HU Wanying;XIANG Yajie

机构地区：[1]中央财经大学国际文化交流学院,北京100081 [2]中央民族大学国际教育学院,北京100081 [3]北京大学对外汉语教育学院,北京100871

出　　处：《语言文字应用》2024年第2期112-123,共12页Applied Linguistics

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金青年项目“基于语料库的离合词语体差异与计量研究”(23YYC011);中央财经大学“新苗学者”支持计划(XMXZ2312);中央民族大学“青年教师科研能力提升计划”(2023ONTS76)的资助。

摘　　要：离合词是词还是短语,一直是学界争论的焦点。本研究通过两个实验,探究了母语者对离合词性质的心理感知。研究发现:在语义感知上,离合词与短语的透明度差异显著,与非离合词具有一致性;在结构感知上,离合词与非离合词整体具有一致性,但在短语启动后反应延迟。离合词与短语具有语义差异,不支持离合词为短语的说法;离合词在语义与结构感知上都与词更为接近,但其离析形式与合成形式可能分开存储。整体结论更支持“合为词、离为短语”的性质观。Whether separable words are words or phrases has aroused many scholarly debates.This study explored how native speakers psychologically perceive the nature of separable words through two experiments.The findings reveal that in semantic perception,separable words significantly differ from phrases and close to non-separable words;concerning structural perception,separable words show overall consistency with non-separable words,while exhibit delayed responses after phrase priming.The findings indicate semantic distinctions between separable words and phrases,refuting the claim that separable words are phrases.Meanwhile,separable words exhibit semantic and structural proximity to words,while their disassociated forms and synthetic structures might be stored separately.The conclusion provides additional evidence that separable words are a type of construction that"combines as words and separates as phrases".

关 键 词：离合词 词 短语 心理感知 

分 类 号：H136[语言文字—汉语]