战略科技力量与大国兴衰的逻辑——以二战后美国科技博弈为例  

Strategic Science and Technology Forces and the Logic of the Rise and Fall of Major Countries:the Example of the US Game of Science and Technology after World War Two

作　　者：叶淑兰[1,2] Ye Shulan

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学政治与国际关系学院 [2]华东师范大学国际问题研究所,上海200241

出　　处：《亚太安全与海洋研究》2024年第5期20-36,I0002,共18页Asia-Pacific Security and Maritime Affairs

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目“管理决策环境下的机器行为模式及其演化过程”(编号:72192821);中央高校基本科研业务费项目华东师范大学哲学社会科学创新团队项目(编号:2024QKT001)。

摘　　要：研究战略科技力量如何影响大国兴衰及其核心逻辑,对于维护国家主权、安全与发展利益具有重大的意义。战略科技力量推动大国力量消长,加剧大国安全困境,打破大国内部权力均衡。基于对美苏、美日、美中科技博弈的历史与现实案例的考察可见,美国通过科技博弈巩固了霸权,延缓了霸权的衰落,但同时也对自身带来科技伦理风险、技术治理难题等挑战。战略科技力量博弈改变大国兴衰的内在规律,一些大国因此更深地陷入美国科技霸权体系,甚至有可能跌落成为次要国家。大国战略科技力量博弈是关乎综合国力、政治制度、科技联盟与创新模式的全方位博弈,竞争制胜需要具备强大的国家综合国力、良好的政策弹性与制度优势、科技“盟友”支持及灵活的科技创新模式。Research on how strategic science and technology forces affects the rise and fall of major countries and its core logic is of great significance for safeguarding national sovereignty,security and development interests.Strategic science and technology forces promote the ups and downs of major countries,aggravate the security dilemma of major countries,and break the internal power balance of major countries.Based on the historical and current cases of US-Soviet,US-Japan and US-China game of science and technology,the US game of strategic science and technology has consolidated the hegemony and delayed the decline of hegemony,as well as brought challenges such as the risk of science and technology ethics,and technology governance.The game of strategic science and technology force changes the inherent logic of the rise and fall of major countries,and some major countries will fall deeper into the US scientific and technological hegemony system,and may even fall and become secondary countries.The game of strategic science and technology force of major countries is an all-round game related to comprehensive national strength,political system,science and technology alliance and innovation mode.To win the competition requires strong comprehensive national strength,good policy flexibility and institutional advantages,scientific and technological“allies”support and flexible scientific and technological innovation mode.

关 键 词：大国兴衰 战略科技力量 科技博弈 科技联盟 科技创新 美国 

分 类 号：G322[文化科学]