失能人员长期护理现状及照护方式的研究  

Research on the Current Situation and Care Methods of Long-Term Care for Disabled Persons

作　　者：王新刚[1] 曹桂英[2] 韩丽娟[3] 王雪梅[3] 黄妍 WANG Xingang;CAO Guiying;HAN Lijuan;WANG Xuemei;HUANG Yan(Department of Nursing,Jiuquan People's Hospital,Jiuquan Gansu 735000,China;Department of Urology,Jiuquan People's Hospital,Jiuquan Gansu 735000,China;Department of Rehabilitation,Jiuquan People's Hospital,Jiuquan Gansu 735000,China)

机构地区：[1]酒泉市人民医院护理部,甘肃酒泉735000 [2]酒泉市人民医院泌尿外科,甘肃酒泉735000 [3]酒泉市人民医院康复科,甘肃酒泉735000

出　　处：《中国卫生标准管理》2024年第16期170-174,共5页China Health Standard Management

基　　金：酒泉市科技计划项目(2023MA2029)。

摘　　要：目的探讨失能人员长期护理现状及照护方式。方法采用随机抽样方式选取2022年3月—2023年3月进行失能等级评估后入住酒泉市人民医院康复科治疗的64例失能人员作为观察组,选取同期进行失能等级评估后入住养老院由护理员以生活照护为主的63例作为对照组。使用健康状况问卷(short form 36 health survey questionnaire,SF-36)及社会支持评定量表(social support rating scale,SSRS)进行评估对比,分析生活质量和社会支持的相关性。结果观察组生理职能(rolephysical,RP)、情感职能(role-emotional,RE)、躯体疼痛(bodily pain,BP)、一般健康状况(general health,GH)、精神健康(mental health,MH)得分分别为(11.48±3.08)分、(14.21±3.36)分、(68.03±2.89)分、(37.54±1.87)分、(57.90±2.04)分,均高于对照组的(2.05±0.83)分、(1.09±0.60)分、(50.59±2.72)分、(28.31±1.60)分、(47.21±1.85)分(P<0.05);观察组失能人员社会支持总分、客观支持、主观支持、支持利用度得分分别为(39.26±6.13)分、(8.31±1.40)分、(24.18±4.94)分、(6.77±1.56)分,均高于对照组的(22.52±5.07)分、(3.92±1.40)分、(12.90±2.76)分、(5.70±2.06)分(P<0.05);社会支持总分与BP、GH、MH呈正相关(P<0.05);客观支持与MH呈正相关(P<0.05);主观支持与BP、VT、GH、MH呈正相关(P<0.05);支持利用度与SF呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论高质量的社会支持能提高失能人员生活质量。建立失能人员健康目标和个性化管理方案,由被动照护向功能支持恢复型照护转变。失能自立护理专业化发展助失能人员生活质量不断提高。此文的研究结果为我国失能老人照护标准的制定和实施提供了可借鉴的内容。Objective To explore the current situation and care methods of long-term care for disabled persons.Methods A total of 64 patients with disability who were admitted to the department of rehabilitation,of Jiuquan People's Hospital after disability grade assessment from March 2022 to March 2023 were selected by random sampling as the observation group,and 63 patients who were admitted to nursing homes after disability grade assessment during the same period were selected as the control group.The short form 36 health survey questionnaire(SF-36)and social support rating scale(SSRS)were used for assessment and comparison.The correlation between quality of life and social support was analyzed.Results The role-physical(RP),roleemotional(RE),bodily pain(BP),general health(GH)and mental health(MH)scores in the observation group were(11.48±3.08)points,(14.21±3.36)points,(68.03±2.89)points,(37.54±1.87)points and(57.90±2.04)points,which were higher than(2.05±0.83)points,(1.09±0.60)points,(50.59±2.72)points,(28.31±1.60)points and(47.21±1.85)points in control group(P<0.05).In the observation group,the total score of social support,objective support,subjective support and utilization of support were(39.26±6.13)points,(8.31±1.40)points,(24.18±4.94)points and(6.77±1.56)points,which were higher than(22.52±5.07)points,(3.92±1.40)points,(12.90±2.76)points and(5.70±2.06)points of control group(P<0.05).The total score of social support was positively correlated with BP,GH and MH(P<0.05).Objective support was positively correlated with MH(P<0.05).Subjective support was positively correlated with BP,VT,GH and MH(P<0.05).Support availability was positively correlated with SF(P<0.05).Conclusion High-quality social support can improve the quality of life of people with disabilities.Establish health goals and personalized management plans for the disabled,transform from passive care to functionally supported restorative care,and develop the professionalism of disability self-reliance nursing to help the quality of life of t

关 键 词：失能人员 长期护理 照护方式 现状研究 支持照护 自立护理 

分 类 号：R473[医药卫生—护理学]