守住生命之源:高标准农田建设与农业用水效率  

Preserving the source of life:high-standard farmland construction and agricultural water efficiency

作　　者：黄敦平 倪加鑫 牛欢 HUANG Dunping;NI Jiaxin;NIU Huan(Anhui University of Finance and Economics,Bengbu 233030)

机构地区：[1]安徽财经大学,安徽蚌埠233030

出　　处：《财贸研究》2024年第8期81-94,共14页Finance and Trade Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“劳动力返乡创业与乡村振兴的协同效应及政策设计”(21CJL032);安徽省社会科学创新发展研究课题“以城乡融合发展促进农业农村现代化研究”(2022WT008)。

摘　　要：高标准农田建设有助于推动“粮田”变“良田”,在保障国家粮食安全和推动农业高质量发展中发挥着重要作用。以高标准农田建设政策为准自然实验,探究高标准农田建设对农业用水效率的影响效应及作用机理。研究结果发现:高标准农田建设对农业用水效率具有显著提升作用,且具有长期提升效应,这一结论通过一系列稳健性检验后依然成立。异质性分析表明,在强水资源禀赋、高农业依赖程度的地区及粮食主产区,高标准农田建设的农业用水效率提升效应相对更强。机理分析发现,高标准农田建设通过高效节水灌溉、农业种植结构调整等渠道提升农业用水效率。此外,高标准农田建设的农业节水效应也将带来显著的农村节能效应与农民增收效应。本文研究结论为中国提升农业用水效率提供一定借鉴与证据。High-standard farmland construction helps transform‘grain fields’into‘good fields’,which plays an important role in ensuring national food security and promoting high-quality agricultural development.This paper uses the policy of high-standard basic farmland construction as a quasi-natural experiment to explore the impact and mechanisms of this policy on agricultural water use efficiency.The findings indicate that the high-standard farmland construction policy significantly enhances agricultural water use efficiency,with a long-term effect,as confirmed by a series of robustness tests.Heterogeneity analysis shows that the improvement effect on agricultural water efficiency is relatively stronger in regions with abundant water resources,high agricultural dependency,and major grain-producing areas.Mechanism analysis reveals that high-standard farmland construction will improve agricultural water use efficiency through the channels of efficient water-saving irrigation and agricultural planting structure adjustment.Additionally,the agricultural water-saving effect of the high-standard farmland construction policy will also bring about significant rural energy-saving effects and income-generating effects for farmers.The conclusions of this paper provide references and evidence for China to improve agricultural water use efficiency.

关 键 词：土地整治 高标准农田建设 农业用水效率 双重差分法 

分 类 号：F323[经济管理—产业经济]