生物有机肥对温室番茄品质和土壤肥力的影响  

Effects of Bio-organic Fertilizer on the Quality of Greenhouse Tomatoes and Soil Fertility

作　　者：王超 刘欣宇 赵宝龙[1] 孙军利[1] 华晓梅 WANG Chao;LIU Xinyu;ZHAO Baolong;SUN Junli;HUA Xiaomei(Faculty of Agriculture,Shihezi University/Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832003)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院,特色果蔬栽培生理与种质资源利用兵团重点实验室,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《北方园艺》2024年第16期32-40,共9页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：2022年中央引导地方资助项目(Z135050009017)。

摘　　要：以番茄品种“瑞粉518”为试材,采用小区试验的方法,在番茄连作土壤中,以不施用生物有机肥(CK)为对照,通过分别施用双菌剂(T1)、矿源黄腐酸钾(T2)、多肽鱼蛋白(T3)、矿源黄腐酸钾+双菌剂(T4)、多肽鱼蛋白+双菌剂(T5)5个处理,研究不同生物有机肥对番茄生长及土壤肥力的影响,以期为生物有机肥的推广应用提供参考依据。结果表明:5种生物有机肥处理的番茄植株长势、产量及品质均优于对照,以“矿源黄腐酸钾+双菌剂”(T4)处理的番茄植株表现最佳。与对照相比,T4处理的叶绿素含量增高9.21%,净光合速率显著提高15.54%,产量显著提升10.69%;同时T4处理果实口感风味最佳,相比CK番茄红素含量提高37.12%,可溶性糖含量提高32.17%,可溶性蛋白质含量提高21.79%;主成分分析结果显示,不同施肥处理土壤肥力综合评价排名为T4>T5>T2>T3>T1>CK,该处理对土壤理化性质的改善及酶活性的提高均有积极作用,可在实际生产中进行推广应用。Tomato variety‘Ruifen 518’was used as the experimental material in a plot test.In tomato continuous soil,with no application of bio-organic fertilizer(CK)as the control,the effects of different bio-organic fertilizers on tomato growth and soil fertility were investigated by applying five treatments of bifidobacterial agent(T1),potassium mineral source xanthate(T2),polypeptide fish protein(T3),potassium mineral source xanthate+bifidobacterial agent(T4),and polypeptide fish protein+bifidobacterial agent(T5)separately,in order to provide reference for the promotion and application of bioorganic fertilizers.The results showed that the growth,yield and quality of tomato plants treated with five kinds of bio-organic fertilizers were better than that of the control,and the best performance was achieved by the tomato plants treated with‘potassium xanthate from mineral source+double bacterial agent’(T4).Compared with the control,the chlorophyll content of T4 treatment increased by 9.21%,the net photosynthetic rate increased significantly by 15.54%,and the yield increased significantly by 10.69%;at the same time,the T4 treatment had the best fruit taste and flavor,and compared with the CK,the lycopene increased by 37.12%,the soluble sugar increased by 32.17%,and the soluble protein increased by 21.79%;the results of principal component analysis showed that the comprehensive evaluation of soil fertility of different fertilization treatments ranked as T4>T5>T2>T3>T1>CK,the T4 treatment had a positive effect on the improvement of soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activity,and could be popularized and applied in the actual production.

关 键 词：番茄 生物有机肥 产量 土壤肥力 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学] S626[农业科学—园艺学]