屏蔽伽马射线高Z复合材料  

Gamma Ray Shielding Composite Material with High Z Number

作　　者：陈左阳 霍志鹏[1] 张宏[1] 钟国强 Zuoyang Chen;Zhipeng Huo;Hong Zhang;Guoqiang Zhong(Hefei Institutes of Physical Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hefei 230031,China;University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院,合肥230031 [2]中国科学技术大学,合肥230026

出　　处：《化学进展》2024年第7期1102-1116,共15页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：安徽省生态环境科研项目(No.2023hb0017);安徽省高校协同创新项目(No.GXXT-2022-001);聚变堆主机关键系统综合研究设施(CRAFT)(No.2018-000052-73-01-001228);合肥综合性国家科学中心能源研究院(安徽省能源实验室)(No.21KZL401,21KHH105,21KZS205,24JYZL01,24JYJB01)资助。

摘　　要：随着科技的发展,核技术在能源、医学、航空航天等领域的应用越来越广泛。然而,核技术应用产生的高能伽马射线具有很强的穿透性并且能使人体细胞发生电离,会对人体健康造成损害,因此高效核辐射防护材料的研发尤为重要。材料的伽马屏蔽性能与其密度和有效原子序数直接相关,因此研究人员将高原子序数(高Z)的化合物作为填料,掺杂到不同的基体材料中制成了各种复合屏蔽材料。本文阐述了伽马射线和物质相互作用的三种基本物理效应,按照玻璃基、聚合物基和金属基这三类基体材料,分类介绍了高Z伽马射线复合屏蔽材料的研究进展,并总结存在的问题和解决方案。With the development of science and technology,nuclear technology is widely used in energy,medicine,aerospace,and other fields.However,the high-energy gamma ray produced by the application of nuclear technology has strong penetrating ability and can ionize human cells,which will cause damage to human health.Therefore,it is crucial to develop effective radiation shielding materials.Since the density and effective atomic number of materials have great influence on the gamma shielding properties of materials,fillers containing high atomic number(high Z)elements are introduced into various matrix materials by researchers to prepare composite shielding materials.This paper explains three fundamental physical effects of the interaction between gamma photons and atoms.Three kinds of high Z gamma ray composite shielding materials based on glass,polymer,and metal matrixes are introduced respectively,and the existing challenges and solutions are summarized.

关 键 词：高原子序数 辐射屏蔽 复合材料 伽马射线 

分 类 号：TB383[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]