托克维尔民主思想的古典意涵及其当代启示  

The Classical Meaning and Contemporary Enlightenment of Tocqueville's Democratic Thought

作　　者：李冰洁 Li Bingjie(School of Public Administration,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210000,Jiangsu)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学公共管理学院,江苏南京210000

出　　处：《理论观察》2024年第5期83-91,共9页Theoretic Observation

摘　　要：以现代民主的眼光审视,托克维尔的民主思想暗含了一些颇具古典色彩的成分,他将“民主”描述为一种社会形式,显然更像古典思想家的“政体”概念。与古典思想家在叙述政体类型时不置臧否相类似,托克维尔在盛赞民主意义的同时,又警示了民主的脆弱性,使其区别于现代民主理论家对民主的“制度性”“进步性”认识。托克维尔重新发挥了“混合政体”智慧,试图塑造一种“不完全国家结构”,重塑公民及其行动在政治中的中心位置,培育公民美德和公民精神。通过深入分析,托克维尔民主思想的这种古典色彩毋宁说是“古法”的现代转换,揭示出现代民主政治建设是一个复杂的系统工程。From the perspective of modern democracy, Tocqueville's democratic ideas contain some elements that are quite classical. He described "democracy" as a social form, which clearly resembles the concept of 'regime' of classical thinkers. Similar to classical thinkers who do not criticize the types of political systems, Tocqueville praised the significance of democracy while also warning of its fragility, making it different from modern democratic theorists' understanding of democracy's "institutional" and "progressive" nature. Tocqueville has regained the wisdom of a "mixed regime", attempting to shape an "incomplete national structure", reshape the central position of citizens and their actions in politics, and cultivate civic virtues and spirit. Through in-depth analysis, the classical color of Tocqueville's democratic thought is more like a modern transformation of "ancient law", revealing that the construction of modern democratic politics is a complex systematic project.

关 键 词：托克维尔 民主 公民 国家 

分 类 号：D091[政治法律—政治学]