川南纸浆竹林土壤养分特征及其影响因子  

Characteristics of Soil Nutrients in Pulp-Producing Bamboo Forest in South Sichuan and Their Impact Factors

作　　者：杨家军 余英 张艳丽 石兆明 杨洁钰 王茜 Yang Jiajun;Yu Ying;Zhang Yanli;Shi Zhaoming;Yang Jieyu;Wang Xi(Yibin Forestry and Bamboo Industry Research Institute,Yibin 644000,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]宜宾林竹产业研究院,四川宜宾644000

出　　处：《世界竹藤通讯》2024年第4期15-23,共9页World Bamboo and Rattan

基　　金：2021年四川省林业和草原局项目“林草碳普惠关键技术及应用研究”;2022年宜宾市科技计划项目“亚热带竹类种质资源库引种项目”(2022NY025)。

摘　　要：对川南纸浆竹林土壤理化性质进行调查和测定,分析绵竹、慈竹、硬头黄竹林在不同区域和不同土壤深度的土壤养分特征及其影响因子。结果表明:随着土层深度的增加,土壤容重呈现增大的趋势,土壤pH值呈深层酸化加重趋势。不同养分指标随着土层深度的增加,变化趋势不同,总体表现为表层土壤养分含量高于下层土壤,全氮、有机质、速效氮含量随土层深度增加而递减的规律尤其明显,而全磷、全钾、速效磷、速效钾含量则随着土壤深度的增加变化不明显。根据全国第2次土壤普查养分分级标准,土壤中除速效磷含量处于“丰富”状态外,其余养分含量呈“适中”至“很缺”状态;土壤中全磷、全钾和速效磷含量严重缺乏;全氮和速效氮含量呈“适中”状态,尤其是表层土壤的速效氮含量呈“很丰”状态。同一区域不同竹种间土壤养分差异明显,宜宾的土壤全氮、全磷和有机质含量在3个竹种之间分别表现出较显著(P<0.05)、显著(P<0.01)、极显著(P<0.001)差异;硬头黄竹林土壤速效磷、速效钾含量在不同区域间差异明显,其中宜宾与泸州、乐山与泸州呈现极显著性差异(P<0.001)。环境因子对表层土壤养分的影响较为明显,随着土壤深度增加,海拔、土壤容重、坡度和土壤含水率对土壤养分的影响逐渐减弱。因此,在人工干预和经营纸浆竹林时,应根据土壤养分分布规律、丰缺状态、酸化情况合理搭配施用钾肥、有机肥和石灰,以补充林地营养和调节土壤酸化状况,促进纸浆竹林的生长。Soil physicochemical properties of pulp-producing bamboo forests in South Sichuan are investigated and measured to analyse the characteristics of soil nutrients at different areas and at different soil depths in Bambusa intermedia,Neosinocalamus affinis and B.rigida forests,and their impact factors.The results show that with the increase of soil depth,the soil bulk weight presents an increasing trend,and the soil pH value show a growing trend of deep acidification.Different nutrient indicators present different trends with the increase of soil depth.The overall trend is that the nutrient content in the surface soil is higher than that in the lower soil,which is especially obvious with the contents of total nitrogen,organic matter and quick-acting nitrogen that decrease with the increase of soil depth,while the contents of total phosphorus,total potassium,quick-acting phosphorus and quick-acting potassium show little increase.According to the nutrient grading standards adopted in the Second National Soil Census,except for quick-acting phosphorus,which is in the state of “rich”,the nutrient content in the soil ranges from the “moderate” to the “much poor” state;the total phosphorus,total potassium and quick-acting phosphorus are seriously deficient in the soil;the total nitrogen and quick-acting nitrogen are in the state of “moderate”,especially the content of quick-acting nitrogen in the surface soil which is in the state of “much abundant”.There are significant differences in soil nutrients among different bamboo species in the same region.The contents of total nitrogen,total phosphorus,and organic matter in the soil vary from relatively significant(P<0.05) and significant(P<0.01) to extremely significant(P<0.001) among the three bamboo species in Yibin.The available phosphorus and potassium in the soil of the B.rigida forest are extremely significantly different among different regions,especially between Yibin and Luzhou and between Leshan and Luzhou with P<0.001.The effects of environmental

关 键 词：纸浆竹林 土壤养分 理化性质 影响因子 四川 

分 类 号：S795[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S714.8[农业科学—林学]