北京地区笋期定位施肥对早园竹退笋的影响  

Effect of Site-Specific Fertilizer Application During Shooting Period on Phyllostachys propinqua Shoots Degradation in Beijing

作　　者：冯小虎 Feng Xiaohu(Beijing Zizhuyuan Park Management Office,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市紫竹院公园管理处,北京100048

出　　处：《世界竹藤通讯》2024年第4期42-45,共4页World Bamboo and Rattan

基　　金：北京市公园管理中心紫竹院科技经费(11000022T000000471333)。

摘　　要：退笋直接影响竹林的成竹数量,进而影响竹林生产力,是竹林抚育管理中需要研究的重要课题。在北京地区以早园竹(Phyllostachys propinqua)为对象,采用定位施肥技术(于竹林出笋期,在竹笋周围多次施用速效液体肥料),研究了施肥对退笋率、成竹胸径及退笋高度的影响。结果表明:1)施肥组的退笋率为41.3%,比对照下降14.6个百分点,二者间的差异达到显著水平;2)随着出笋期的延后,退笋率逐渐升高,但施肥组退笋率的升高幅度低于对照组;3)施肥能够极显著的增大出笋末期的成竹胸径,较对照提高52.3%;4)施肥对于退笋高度无明显影响。试验结果在一定程度上支持了退笋的营养假说,对竹林抚育实践具有一定的指导意义。Bamboo shoot degradation directly affects the number of culms in bamboo forests,which in turn affects bamboo productivity.It is an important topic in bamboo forest tending and management,which needs to be studied.The paper takes Phyllostachys propinqua in Beijing to study the effects of fertilization on the rate of bamboo shoot degradation,the height of degraded bamboo shoot and the DBH of culms using site-specific application technology(applying liquid quick-acting fertilizer multiple times around bamboo shoots during the shooting period).The results show that:1) The rate of bamboo shoot degradation in the fertilization group is 41.3%,a decrease of 14.6 percentage points compared to the control group,and there is a significant difference between the two groups;2) The rate of bamboo shoot degradation is rising along with the time of shoot emergence,but the rising speed of fertilization group is slower than the control group;3) Fertilization can significantly increase the DBH of culms in the later stage of shooting period,which is 52.3% higher than the control;and 4) Fertilization has no significant effect on the height of degraded bamboo shoots.The results support the nutrition hypothesis to a certain extent for degraded bamboo shoots,and have certain significance for guiding bamboo forest management.

关 键 词：早园竹 定位施肥 退笋率 出笋期 生长规律 北京 

分 类 号：S795[农业科学—林木遗传育种]