小麦新品种郑麦16、郑麦20和郑麦22的遗传基础解析  

Analysis on the Genetic Basis of New Wheat Varieties Zhengmai16,Zhengmai20 and Zhengmai22

作　　者：杨剑 王岩 胡卫国[1] 张玉娥 王西成[1] 曹廷杰[1] YANG Jian;WANG Yan;HU Weiguo;ZHANG Yu'e;WANG Xicheng;CAO Tingjie(Wheat Research Institute,He'nan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Laboratory of Wheat Engineering/He'nan Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology,Zhengzhou 450002,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院小麦研究所/小麦国家工程实验室/河南省小麦生物学重点实验室,郑州450002

出　　处：《种子》2024年第8期69-78,共10页Seed

基　　金：河南省农业科学院自主创新项目(2024ZC004);小麦玉米新品种绿色高效生产技术示范推广(221111112400);河南省重点研发与推广专项(232102111075)。

摘　　要：为解析高产广适多抗小麦新品种郑麦16、郑麦20和郑麦22的分子遗传基础,本研究利用小麦55K SNP芯片和功能基因标记对郑麦16、郑麦20和郑麦22及其亲本进行了分析。结果表明,郑麦16和郑麦22分别与周麦22、周麦16之间的亲缘关系相近,郑麦20与周麦18之间的亲缘关系相近。周麦16、周麦18和周麦22分别含有与郑麦16、郑麦20、郑麦22的相同基因型位点占比分别为78.97%、64.99%和88.83%,相应遗传贡献率也最高,分别为46.60%、43.08%和60.96%。进一步对21条染色体进行分析表明,周麦16、周麦18和周麦22的1B、1D、2D、3A、3D、4B、4D、5A、5B、5D、6A、6D、7B和7D染色体上为亲本贡献了最多的位点。在2A染色体上,偃展4110与郑麦16、偃展4110与郑麦20、矮抗58与郑麦22相同基因型的位点占比分别为70.6%、80.4%和78.0%,推测2A染色体上存在的广适早熟相关基因被选择利用。功能标记检测结果表明,郑麦16和郑麦22聚合了Yr5、Yr30、QYr.nwafu-4BL、QYrqin.nwafu-2AL和Lr13,郑麦22携带Phs1基因,穗发芽抗性较好。In order to analyze the molecular genetic basis of wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)varieties Zhengmai16,Zhengmai20,the Zhengmai22,Zhengmai16,Zhengmai20 and Zhengmai22 and their parents were analyzed using wheat 55K SNP microarray and functional gene markers.The results showed that Zhengmai16 and Zhengmai22 were closely related to Zhoumai22 and Zhoumai16,respectively,and Zhengmai20 was closely related to Zhoumai18.The Zhoumai16,Zhoumai18 and Zhoumai22 were 78.97%,64.99%and 88.83%of the same genotypes as Zhengmai16,Zhengmai20 and Zhengmai22,respectively,and the corresponding genetic contribution rates were the highest,which were 46.60%,43.08%and 60.96%,respectively.Further analysis of 21 chromosomes showed that 1B,1D,2D,3A,3D,4B,4D,5A,5B,5D,6A,6D,7B and 7D on chromosomes of Zhoumai16,Zhoumai18 and Zhoumai22 contributed the most to the parents.On chromosome 2A,the genotypes of Yanzhan4110 and Zhengmai16,Yanzhan4110 and Zhengmai20,Aikang58 and Zhengmai22 were 70.6%,80.4%and 78.0%,respectively,suggesting that the genes related to widespread early maturity on chromosome 2A were selected and utilized.The results of functional marker detection showed that Zhengmai16 and Zhengmai22 polymerized Yr5,Yr30,QYr.nwafu-4BL,QYrqin.nwafu-2AL and Lr13,and Zhengmai22 carried Phs1 gene and had good sprouting resistance.

关 键 词：小麦 遗传基础 功能基因 抗性 

分 类 号：S330[农业科学—作物遗传育种] S512.1[农业科学—农艺学]