高温合金增材制造粉末回收工艺研究  

Study on Powder Recovery Process of Superalloy Additive Manufacturing

作　　者：王超 张郁亭 周志坚 吴闯 WANG Chao;ZHANG Yu-ting;ZHOU Zhi-jian;WU Chuang(Jiangsu Qina New Material Technology Co.,Ltd.,Suqian Jiangsu 223800,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏奇纳新材料科技有限公司,江苏宿迁223800

出　　处：《铸造设备与工艺》2024年第4期16-21,共6页Foundry Equipment & Technology

摘　　要：高温合金制粉存在50%以上粒径不满足增材制造3D打印需求的粉末称为废粉,本文主要研究不满足粒径要求的废粉回收利用方法。以GH4169高温合金废粉为例,回收利用工艺为粗粉和细粉末混合、粉末压块、压块保护气氛烧结、压块熔炼。研究结果表明:当细粉和粗粉混合比例1∶4时,粉末压块能够完全成型,表面光滑,无缺角和表面碎粉;850℃高温烧结后粉末压块具有较高的强度,满足真空感应熔炼加料需求;使用90%氩气+10%氢气保护气氛,压块表面和芯部出现轻微氧增加,氮无增加;以30%压块+70%新料和50%压块+50%新料的配料比例以≤10 kg/min的化料速度,1560℃精炼温度、≤0.1 Pa精炼真空度、90 min的精炼时间,精炼后的合金液面浮渣等级<2级,成品棒料的氧含量<10 ppm,氮含量<25 ppm,达到了全新料水平。In the process of high-temperature alloy powder making,the powder with more than 50%particle size cannot meet the requirements of additive manufacturing 3D printing is called waste powder.This paper mainly studies the recycling method of waste powder that does not meet the particle size requirements.Taking the waste powder of GH4169 superalloy as an example,the recovery process consists of mixing coarse powder and fine powder,pressing,sintering and melting in a protected atmosphere.The results show that when the mixture ratio of fine powder and coarse powder is 1∶4,the powder pressing block can be completely formed with smooth surface,no Angle and surface powder.After sintering at 850℃,the powder compacting block has high strength,which can meet the demand of vacuum induction melting.Using 90%argon+10%hydrogen to protect the atmosphere,the surface and core of the block showed a slight increase in oxygen,but no increase in nitrogen.The melting ingredients are 30%compaction+70%new material and 50%compaction+50%new material.The ingredients are melted and refined at a feed speed of less than 10 kg/min at 1560℃and a vacuum degree of less than 0.1 Pa.After 90 minutes of refining,the liquid surface scum grade of the alloy is lower than grade 2,the oxygen content of the finished bar material is lower than 10 ppm,and the nitrogen content is lower than 25 ppm,reaching the new material level.

关 键 词：增材制造 粉末回收 混合 压块 烧结 保护气氛 真空熔炼 

分 类 号：TF133[冶金工程—冶金物理化学]