一种锂电池在线荷电状态估计算法  

An Online State of Charge Estimation Algorithm for Lithium Batteries

作　　者：李文番 杨騉 马海峰 王垚雄 王军雄 LI Wenfan;YANG Kun;MA Haifeng;WANG Yaoxiong;WANG Junxiong(Northwest Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Xianyang,Shaanxi 712000,China;School of Electrical engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]西北机电工程研究所,陕西咸阳712000 [2]西安交通大学电气工程学院,西安710049

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报》2024年第9期164-172,共9页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划资助项目(2022B01019-2)。

摘　　要：针对三元锂电池的在线荷电状态估计问题,提出了一种基于开路电压在线计算和查表法的锂电池在线荷电状态估计算法。首先,对锂电池进行一阶戴维南等效建模,通过等效电路模型,推导并化简得到端口电压、端口电流和开路电路之间的关系;然后,利用递归最小二乘法完成了开路电压的在线求解,通过锂电池工作中的端口电压、电流参数实现了开路电压近似值的实时计算;最后,介绍了所提出在线荷电状态估算算法的实现流程,并通过典型数据集对所提出算法的估计精度、运算量等性能进行了对比分析和实验验证。实验结果表明:所提出的在线荷电状态估计算法的估算误差低于15%,运算速度是改进卡尔曼滤波法的2.5倍,表明所提在线荷电状态估计算法精度较高且运算速度较快,适合用于在线荷电状态估算。An online state of charge estimation algorithm for ternary lithium batteries is proposed based on online calculation of open circuit voltage and table lookup method.Firstly,the first-order Thevenin equivalent model is applied to the lithium battery,and the relationship between port voltage,port current,and open circuit voltage is derived through the equivalent circuit model.Then,the recursive least squares method is used to solve the open circuit voltage online,and real-time calculation of the approximate open circuit voltage is achieved through the port voltage and current parameters during the operation of the lithium battery.Finally,the implementation process of the proposed online state of charge estimation algorithm is introduced,and the estimation accuracy,computational complexity,and other performance of the proposed algorithm are compared,analyzed,and experimentally verified using typical datasets.The experimental results show that the estimation error of the proposed online state of charge estimation algorithm is less than 15%,and the computational speed is 2.5 times that of the extended Kalman filter method.This indicates that the proposed online state of charge estimation algorithm has high accuracy and low computational complexity,which make it suitable for online state of charge estimation.

关 键 词：锂电池 等效电路模型 开路电压计算 在线荷电状态估计 低运算量 参数估计 

分 类 号：TM93[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]