车联网基于稀疏用户环境的LBS隐私保护方案  

LBS privacy protection scheme based on sparse user environment of VANET

作　　者：门红蕾 曹利[1] 郑国莉 李原帅 马海英[1] Men Honglei;Cao Li;Zheng Guoli;Li Yuanshuai;Ma Haiying(College of Information Science&Technology,Nantong University,Nantong Jiangsu 226019,China)

机构地区：[1]南通大学信息科学技术学院,江苏南通226019

出　　处：《计算机应用研究》2024年第9期2831-2838,共8页Application Research of Computers

基　　金：南通市科技项目(JC22022036)。

摘　　要：针对车联网稀疏用户环境下LBS(location-based services)位置隐私保护能力降低的问题,提出一种基于同态加密的混合隐私保护方案。该方案利用同态加密性质,实现了车辆用户虚拟身份的按需生成和对外不可区分的认证,并通过将虚拟地址与车辆真实位置混淆,进一步提供了基于车辆身份和位置的混合隐私保护。安全分析表明,该方案在服务隐私保护有效性的基础上,对恶意车辆身份具有可追溯性、有效抵御拒绝服务攻击和假名伪造攻击;性能分析的结果表明,与传统的假名生成办法以及k-匿名技术相比,随着隐私因子k增加到40后,该方案在动态假名生成上降低了25%的计算开销,具有91%以上的隐私保护度,弥补了k-匿名技术和假名技术在特殊环境下的缺陷,更适用于动态、低时延的车联网通信环境。To address the issue of diminished LBS privacy protection capabilities in sparse user environments within vehicular networks,this paper proposed a hybrid privacy protection scheme based on homomorphic encryption.The scheme exploited the properties of homomorphic encryption to enable the on-demand generation and indistinguishable authentication of vehicle users’virtual identities.By obfuscating the virtual addresses with the vehicles’real locations,it further provided hybrid privacy protection based on vehicle identity and location.Security analysis demonstrates that,in addition to effectively preserving service privacy,the scheme is traceable against malicious vehicle identities,and it effectively defends against denial-of-service attacks and pseudonym forgery attacks.Performance analysis results indicate that,compared to traditional pseudonym generation methods and k-anonymity techniques,as the privacy factor k increases to 40,the scheme reduces computational overhead by 25%in dynamic pseudonym generation and achieves over 91%privacy protection,this compensates for the deficiencies of k-anonymity and pseudonym techniques in specific environments,making it more suitable for dynamic,low-latency vehicular network communication environments.

关 键 词：车联网 位置隐私保护 同态加密 虚拟用户 虚拟地址 稀疏环境 

分 类 号：TP393[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]