环境温度对地熊蜂工蜂采集和访花行为的影响  

Impact of temperature on foraging and flower visitation behavior of Bombus terrestris workers

作　　者：代江瑞 王斐然 谢李星 尤嘉禾 牙森·沙力 罗术东[2,3,4] Dai Jiangrui;Wang Feiran;Xie Lixing;You Jiahe;Yasen Shali;Luo Shudong(Key Laboratory of the Pest Monitoring and Safety Control of Crops and Forests,College of Agronomy,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects,Institute of Apicultural Research,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100093,China;Western Agricultural Research Center,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changji 831100,China;Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences,Shihezi 832000,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering,College of Life Science and Technology,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830046,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学农学院,农林有害生物监测与安全防控重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所,资源昆虫高效养殖与利用全国重点实验室,北京100093 [3]中国农业科学院西部农业研究中心,昌吉831100 [4]新疆农垦科学院,石河子832000 [5]新疆大学生命科学与技术学院,新疆生物资源基因工程重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830046

出　　处：《中国蜂业》2024年第6期62-65,共4页Apiculture of China

基　　金：新疆生产建设兵团农业科技创新工程专项(NCG202317)。

摘　　要：熊蜂是重要的授粉昆虫,在野生植物和设施作物的授粉中起到了不可替代的作用。环境温度是影响熊蜂采集花粉和花蜜的重要因素,然而,有关温度对熊蜂工蜂的采集和访花行为的影响却知之甚少。本研究以地熊蜂为材料,采用无线射频识别(RFID)技术监测了2023年7月新疆石河子地区地熊蜂工蜂的采集行为,人工观察了10:00~11:00、16:00~17:00和20:00~21:00三个时间段内工蜂的访花行为。结果表明,在环境温度23.3℃~38.8℃范围内,地熊蜂工蜂的单次采集时长随着温度的升高而缩短;工蜂在10:00~11:00时间段单次访花时间(6.43±0.48 s)显著低于16:00~17:00和20:00~21:00两个时间段的单次访花时间(9.79±0.79 s和10.82±1.05 s),表明地熊蜂工蜂单次访花时间随着环境温度的升高而延长;相应地,工蜂在10:00~11:00(9.74±0.51次/min)时间段内的访花频率显著高于16:00~17:00(7.56±0.56次/min)时间段内的访花频率,进一步分析结果显示地熊蜂工蜂的访花频率随着环境温度的升高而降低。Bumblebees play an irreplaceable role in the pollination of wild plants and greenhouse crops.Ambient temperature is an important factor affecting the pollen and nectar collection of bumblebees.However,little is known about the infl uence of ambient temperature on the foraging and flower-visiting behavior of bumblebees.In this study,radio frequency identifi cation(RFID)technology was used to monitor the foraging behavior of Bombus terrestris in Shihezi area of Xinjiang in July 2023.The flower-visiting behavior of the workers was manually observed during three periods:10:00~11:00,16:00~17:00 and 20:00~21:00.The results showed that the foraging time of worker for each bout decreased with the temperature increasing(between 23.3to 38.8).The foraging time for each flower(6.43±0.48 s)during 10:00~11:00 was signifi cantly lower than in 16:00~17:00 and 20:00~21:00(9.79±0.79 s and 10.82±1.05 s),this results indicated that the foraging time for each flower increased with the ambient temperature increasing.Accordingly,the visiting frequency of workers during 10:00~11:00(9.74±0.51 times/min)was signifi cantly higher than that during 16:00~17:00(7.56±0.56 times/min).Further analysis showed that the visiting frequency of worker bees decreased with the ambient temperature increasing.

关 键 词：地熊蜂 环境温度 单次采集时长 单次访花停留时间 访花频率 

分 类 号：S894[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]