废旧锂离子电池回收过程中钙镁渣制备电池级碳酸锂研究  

Preparation of Battery-Grade Lithium Carbonate from Calcium-Magnesium Slag in Spent Li-Ion Battery Recycling Process

作　　者：陈亮 向长柳 周曜 易晓新 胡泽星 CHEN Liang;XIANG Changliu;ZHOU Yao;YI Xiaoxin;HU Zexin(Gold Shine Energy Material Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410203,Hunan,China;Hunan Changyuan Lico Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410205,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]金驰能源材料有限公司,湖南长沙410203 [2]湖南长远锂科股份有限公司,湖南长沙410205

出　　处：《矿冶工程》2024年第4期115-119,125,共6页Mining and Metallurgical Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFB1713000);湖南省十大技术攻关项目(2023GK1070)。

摘　　要：以废旧锂离子电池回收过程中产生的钙镁渣为原料,通过复分解浸出-净化-沉锂-碳化分解工艺制备电池级碳酸锂。结果表明,在MgSO_(4)·7H_(2)O用量为理论量的1.1倍、初始pH值1.5、反应时间2.0 h、固液比1∶6、反应温度90℃、终点pH值3.5条件下,Li浸出率为98.39%,浸出液中Li质量浓度为18.03 g/L。浸出液通过树脂除氟、碱液除杂、碳酸钠沉锂,制备出纯度为95.11%的粗制碳酸锂。粗制碳酸锂通过碳化-树脂除钙镁-热解工艺制备出质量分数为99.64%的电池级碳酸锂。该工艺锂回收率为95.08%,经济价值高,具有良好的工业应用前景。With the calcium-magnesium slag generated in recycling process of spent Li-ion batteries as raw material,battery-grade lithium carbonate was prepared by adopting a process consisting of leaching for decomposition,purification,lithium precipitation and carbonization for decomposition.The results show that with the addition of MgSO_(4)·7H_(2)O at 1.1 times of the theory amount,initial pH of 1.5,reaction time of 2.0 h,solid-liquid ratio of 1∶6,reaction temperature of 90℃,and final pH of 3.5,the leaching rate of Li can reach 98.39%and the mass concentration of Li in the lixivium is 18.03 g/L.Then,the obtained lixivium is subjected to processes of defluorination with resin,impurity removal with NaOH,and Na_(2)CO_(3)precipitation,and crude lithium carbonate can be obtained with purity of 95.11%.By adopting a process consisting of carbonization,removal of calcium and magnesium with resin,and pyrolysis,a battery-grade lithium carbonate with purity of 99.64%can be prepared.It is shown that by using this processing technique,the lithium recovery rate can reach 95.08%,presenting good prospect in industrial application.

关 键 词：废旧锂离子电池 浸出 净化 碳化分解 电池级碳酸锂 电池回收 钙镁渣 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]