深海海底钻机海底天然气水合物钻进取芯建模与分析  

Modeling and Analysis of Core Drilling of Marine Gas Hydrate by Seafloor Drill

作　　者：吴丹 金永平 刘德顺 万步炎 WU Dan;JIN Yongping;LIU Deshun;WAN Buyan(National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Equipment and Safety Technologies for Exploration of Marine Mineral Resources,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan 411201,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南科技大学海洋矿产资源探采装备与安全技术国家地方联合工程实验室,湖南湘潭411201

出　　处：《矿冶工程》2024年第4期136-143,共8页Mining and Metallurgical Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFC2805904);国家自然科学基金(52275106);湖南创新型省份建设专项经费(2020GK1021)。

摘　　要：针对深海海底钻机金刚石钻头在钻进海底天然气水合物过程中有明显弹塑性变形的特点,基于Hertz接触修正理论,提出了一种适用于深海海底钻机天然气水合物钻进取芯的建模方法。首先,分析钻进过程中海底天然气水合物从弹性变形到弹塑性变形破岩机理,求得金刚石钻头在钻进过程中单颗粒金刚石受到的钻进压力和切削力;其次,根据单颗粒金刚石受力情况,得到整个钻头上钻压和扭矩与钻进参数的理论关系,从而建立金刚石取芯钻头力学模型;最后,分析得到在钻进海底天然气水合物时海底天然气水合物的饱和度与扭矩和钻压的关系曲线。以该方法进行海上试验,成功获取了海底天然气水合物样品,验证了该方法的可行性。该研究成果可为深海取芯钻机钻头参数的设计和高效率钻进取芯提供理论依据。Aiming at obvious elastic-plastic deformation of diamond drill bits in the process of drilling marine gas hydrate,a modeling approach that is suitable for the core drilling process of drill bits was proposed based on the Hertz theory.Firstly,the rock-breaking mechanism was analyzed for marine gas hydrates from elastic deformation to elastic-plastic deformation during the drilling process under sea,and the drilling pressure and cutting force of single diamond particle on the diamond bit during the drilling process were calculated.Secondly,according to the stress condition of a single diamond particle,the theoretical relationships between drilling pressure and torque on the whole bit and other drilling parameters were obtained,and a mechanical model was established for the diamond drilling bit.Finally,a relationship curve between the saturation of marine gas hydrate and the torque and drilling pressure was obtained based on analysis.An at-sea testing by adopting such method has successfully taken some samples of marine gas hydrate,which has verified the feasibility of this method.This research provides a theoretical reference for the design of drill bit parameters and optimization of efficient deep-sea core drilling operation.

关 键 词：深海海底钻机 海牛号 深海钻探 金刚石钻头 海底天然气水合物 钻进取芯 

分 类 号：TD857[矿业工程—金属矿开采]