超级电容参与风电调频的动态响应优化策略  

Optimal Dynamic Response Strategy for Supercapacitor Participating in Wind Power Frequency Regulation

作　　者：黎静华[1] 敖国进 宋诚鑫 兰飞[1] LI Jinghua;AO Guojin;SONG Chengxin;LAN Fei(Key Laboratory of Guangxi Electric Power System Optimization and Energy-saving Technologys(Guangxi University),Nanning 530004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西电力系统最优化与节能技术重点实验室(广西大学),广西壮族自治区南宁市530004

出　　处：《电力系统自动化》2024年第17期46-55,共10页Automation of Electric Power Systems

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52367004)。

摘　　要：随着风电渗透率的不断提高,电力系统逐步呈现低惯量的特征。低惯量系统在故障时的频率变化率(RoCoF)和最大频率偏差显著增大,传统频率控制方法效果减弱,频率的安全、稳定面临挑战。针对上述问题,先于一次调频动作的快速频率响应(FFR)已成为解决低惯量系统频率稳定问题的重要手段。首先,建立风-火-储电力系统频率响应模型,分析FFR调频资源对低惯量系统频率响应的影响;其次,基于模糊逻辑推理,提出了一种超级电容参与风电调频的储能动态响应优化策略以控制储能,使其能够动态响应系统频率变化,在频率跌落期遏制频率跌落,在频率恢复期调控储能恢复功率以维持荷电状态稳定;最后,对提出的控制策略进行仿真验证。仿真结果表明,所提策略能够利用超级电容快速动态响应系统频率变化,从而为低惯量系统提供功率支撑,弥补风电调频的不足,相较传统的风电机组虚拟惯量控制策略,在减小最大RoCoF及抑制最大频率偏差效果上均有大幅提升。With the continuous increase of the wind power penetration rate,the power system gradually presents the characteristics of low inertia.The rate of change of frequency(RoCoF)and the maximum frequency deviation in low-inertia systems at faults increase significantly,the effect of traditional frequency control methods is weakened and the frequency safety and stability are facing challenges.In view of the above problems,the fast frequency response(FFR)which is prior to primary frequency regulation has become an important way to solve the frequency stability problems of low-inertia system.Firstly,the frequency response model of the wind-thermal-storage power system is established,and the influence of FFR on the frequency response of low-inertia system is analyzed.Secondly,an optimal dynamic response strategy for supercapacitor participating in wind power frequency regulation is proposed based on fuzzy logic inference to control the energy storage.So it can dynamically respond to the system frequency changes,restrain the frequency drop during the frequency drop period and regulate the energy storage recovery power during the frequency recovery period to maintain the stability of state of charge.Finally,the proposed control strategy is verified by simulation.The simulation results show that,the proposed strategy can use the supercapacitor to dynamically respond to the system frequency changes quickly,so as to provide power support for the low-inertia system and make up for the shortage of wind power frequency regulation.Compared with the traditional virtual inertia control strategies of wind turbines,the effects of reducing the maximum RoCoF and inhibiting the maximum frequency deviation are greatly improved.

关 键 词：低惯量系统 快速频率响应 超级电容 风力发电 模糊逻辑控制 频率调节 惯性常数 

分 类 号：TM614[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]