可膨胀石墨的制备方法、膨胀机理及应用  

Research progress on preparation methods,expansion mechanisms and applications of expandable graphite

作　　者：刘磊[1,2] 朱梦媛 赵波 赵晴 王路宽 叶欣 刘晓红 赵露舒 马宇浩 贺爱华 王存国[1,2] LIU Lei;ZHU Mengyuan;ZHAO Bo;ZHAO Qing;WANG Lukuan;YE Xin;LIU Xiaohong;ZHAO Lushu;MA Yuhao;HE Aihua;WANG Cunguo(Key Laboratory of Rubber&Plastics,Ministry of Education/Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Rubber&Plastics,Qingdao University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266042,China;Changyi Senhui New Materials Co.Ltd.,Weifang 261300,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛科技大学橡塑材料与工程教育部重点实验室山东省橡塑材料与工程重点实验室,山东青岛266042 [2]昌邑森汇新材料有限公司,山东潍坊261300

出　　处：《化工科技》2024年第4期62-66,共5页Science & Technology in Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家重点研发项目[2022YFB3704700(2022YFB3704702)];山东省重大科技创新工程项目(2021CXGC010901);山东省泰山学者基金项目(TS201511031);山东省潍坊市高层次创新创业人才计划项目(潍办字2013-69)。

摘　　要：膨胀石墨由于其质量轻、高柔韧性、高比表面积、高孔隙率和较强的吸附能力,作为密封材料、吸附材料、保温材料、阻燃材料和包装材料等应用广泛。可膨胀石墨作为膨胀石墨的前驱体,低成本、绿色制备方法和研发成为目前石墨领域的重点研究课题之一。对可膨胀石墨的结构和性能、膨胀反应原理、制备方法及其主要应用领域进行了综述,详细地介绍了化学氧化法、电化学方法、超声氧化法、气相扩散法、熔盐法等制备可膨胀石墨方法,为其下游产品膨胀石墨的制备、应用和开发提供借鉴。Expanded graphite has been widely used as a sealing material,adsorption material,insulation material,flame retardant material,and packaging material,et al.because of its properties oflight weight,high flexibility,high specific surface area,high porosity,and strong adsorption capacity.As a precursor of expanded graphite,expandable graphite has become one of the key research topics in the field of graphitedue to its low-cost,green preparation method.This article provides an overview of the structure and properties,expansion reaction principle,preparation methods and main application fields of expandable graphite.It also provides a detailed introduction to the preparation methods of expandable graphite,including chemical oxidation,electrochemical methods,ultrasonic oxidation,gas-phase diffusion and molten salt methods.So it can provide the references for the preparation,application,and development of downstream products of expandable graphite.

关 键 词：石墨 可膨胀石墨 膨胀石墨 插层剂 膨胀机理 

分 类 号：TQ127.11[化学工程—无机化工] O613.71[理学—无机化学]