氯代硝基苯选择性加氢制氯代苯胺金属催化剂的研究进展  

Research progress in metal catalysts for selective hydrogenation of chloronitrobenzene to chloroaniline

作　　者：任志勇 魏涛 田俊英 REN Zhiyong;WEI Tao;TIAN Junying(Lanzhou Jinchuan Precious Metal Materials Co.Ltd.,Lanzhou 730101,China;College of Petrochemical Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州金川贵金属材料股份有限公司,甘肃兰州730101 [2]兰州理工大学石油化工学院,甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《化工科技》2024年第4期73-77,共5页Science & Technology in Chemical Industry

基　　金：甘肃省中央引导地方科技发展基金项目(22ZY1QA008)。

摘　　要：以氯代硝基苯高效制备氯代苯胺,依赖于高活性、高选择性加氢催化剂的开发。总结了近年来用于催化氯代硝基苯选择性加氢制氯代苯胺金属催化剂的研究进展,分别对贵金属催化剂和非贵金属催化剂体系进行了讨论。贵金属催化剂中,铂基和钯基催化剂催化活性高,通过对催化剂改性可有效抑制脱氯副反应,显著提高氯代苯胺选择性,但贵金属催化剂价格相对昂贵。非贵金属催化剂中,镍基催化剂活性较好,通过为催化剂引入脱氯抑制剂或者构筑镍基非晶态合金的策略可抑制脱氯副反应并提高氯代苯胺选择性。镍基催化剂活性略低于铂基和钯基催化剂,但其价格相对低廉,提高镍基催化剂性能是今后高效催化氯代硝基苯选择性加氢制氯代苯胺催化剂开发的重点之一。The development of hydrogenation catalysts with highly active and selective is significant for the efficient preparation in chloroaniline from chloronitrobenzene.In this work,the research progress in metal catalysts for selective hydrogenation of chloronitrobenzene to chloroaniline in recent years is summarized.The noble metal catalysts and non-noble metal catalyst are discussed respectively.Among the noble metal catalysts,platinum-based and palladium-based catalysts show high catalytic activity.The modification of the catalyst can effectively inhibit the side reaction of dechlorination and significantly improve the selectivity of chloroaniline.However,the noble metal catalysts have the disadvantages of exorbitant price.Among the non-noble metal catalysts,nickel-based catalysts have better activity.The strategy of introducing dechlorination inhibitors or constructing nickel-based amorphous alloys can inhibit the side reaction of dechlorination and improve the selectivity of chloroaniline.The activity of nickel-based catalysts is slightly lower than that of platinum-based and palladium-based catalysts,but its price is much lower.How to further improve the performance of nickel-based catalysts is one of the key points in the development of high-efficiency catalysts for selective hydrogenation of chloronitrobenzene to chloroaniline in the future.

关 键 词：氯代苯胺 氯代硝基苯 催化加氢 金属催化剂 

分 类 号：O643.32[理学—物理化学]