^(96)Zr和^(96)Ru结构的协变密度泛函理论研究  

Structures of ^(96)Zr and ^(96)Ru with covariant density functional theory

作　　者：荣宇婷 吴先业 吕炳楠 尧江明 RONG Yu-Ting;WU Xian-Ye;LU Bing-Nan;YAO Jiang-Ming(Department of Physics,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin 541004.China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology,Guilin 541004,China;College of Physics and Communication Electronics,Jiangxi Normal University,Nanchang 330022,China;Graduate School of China Academy of Engineering Physics,Beijing 100193,China;School of Physics and Astronomy,Sun Yat-sen University,Zhuhai 519082,China)

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学物理科学与技术学院,桂林541004 [2]广西核物理与核技术重点实验室,桂林541004 [3]江西师范大学物理与通信电子学院,南昌330022 [4]中国工程物理研究院研究生院,北京100193 [5]中山大学物理与天文学院,珠海519082

出　　处：《中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学》2024年第9期112-124,共13页Scientia Sinica Physica,Mechanica & Astronomica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:12205057,12275259,12375119);广西科技计划项目(编号:桂科AD23026250);国家自然科学基金委员会-中国工程物理研究院NSAF联合基金(编号:U2330401);中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(编号:桂科ZY22096024);广西中青年科研基础能力提升项目(编号:2022KY0055);广西自然科学基金(编号:2023GXNSFAA026016)资助项目。

摘　　要：近期,同量异位素^(96)Zr和^(96)Ru的重离子碰撞实验研究发现初态原子核的形变和中子皮厚度对碰撞末态的粒子流、多重数分布等观测量产生很大影响.协变密度泛函理论作为研究微观核结构的理论模型之一,能够使用同一组有效相互作用统一自洽描述所有原子核的基态性质,如形变和中子皮厚度等.基于协变密度泛函理论拓展得到的超越平均场方法被成功用于研究原子核的低能集体激发谱学性质,是构建实验能谱与内禀形变之间微观联系的先进方法.目前^(96)Zr的谱学实验和核结构理论研究表明,它可能同时存在三轴和八极形变.因此,本文将首先介绍同时打破轴对称和空间反射对称的多维形状约束协变密度泛函理论及其超越平均场方法;其次给出平均场近似下^(96)Zr和^(96)Ru的基态形变和中子皮厚度;最后,讨论多维形变空间的超越平均场方法对^(96)Zr和^(96)Ru低激发态性质的描述.Recent experiments involving heavy-ion collisions of isotopes^(96)Zr and^(96)Ru have revealed that initial nuclear deformation and neutron skin thickness considerably influence observables such as particle flow and multiplicity distributions in the final collision states.Covariant density functional theory—a microscopic nuclear structure model—uses one uniform effective interaction to self-consistently describe nuclear ground-state structures such as shapes and neutron skin thicknesses.The beyond mean-field methods extended according to the covariant density functional theory have been successfully employed to investigate the spectroscopic properties of low-lying collective excitations;these advanced approaches establish microscopic connections between experimental spectra and intrinsic deformations.In contemporary studies,experimental spectra and investigations using nuclear structure models suggest the potential coexistence of triaxial and octupole shapes in^(96)Zr.Herein,we introduce the multidimensionally-constrained covariant density functional theory,which breaks axial and spatial reflection symmetries,along with its beyond mean-field approach.Next,we examine the shapes and neutron skin thicknesses of^(96)Zr and^(96)Ru within mean field approximation.Finally,we investigate the beyond mean field corrections to the low-lying states of^(96)Zr and^(96)Ru within a multidimensional deformation space.

关 键 词：原子核形状 八极关联 超越平均场方法 同量异位素 

分 类 号：O571[理学—粒子物理与原子核物理]