基于超大口径古希腊梯子膜光子筛的单次径向剪切干涉波前传感  

Single⁃Shot Radial⁃Shearing Interferometric Wavefront Sensing with Ultra⁃Large Aperture Ancient Greek⁃Ladder Membrane Photon Sieves

作　　者：张军勇[1] 林健 张秀平 杨亚玲 Zhang Junyong;Lin Jian;Zhang Xiuping;Yang Yaling(National Laboratory on High Power Laser and Physics,Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201800,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所高功率激光物理联合实验室,上海201800 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《中国激光》2024年第14期162-171,共10页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(62175245,62105345);上海市青年科技英才扬帆计划(21YF1453700);中国科学院重点实验室创新基金(CXJJ-2022S015);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA25020104,XDA25020302)。

摘　　要：大口径光学元件被广泛应用于各类大型光学系统,现有的商业波前传感器难以满足大口径光学元件的实时在线动态测量需求。针对这一问题,提出了基于超大口径古希腊梯子膜光子筛的单次径向剪切干涉波前传感技术。超大口径古希腊梯子膜光子筛具有同时生成缩小波面和扩大波面的轴上分束功能,可单片实现剪切比可调的径向剪切干涉,且镂空的膜结构易大口径加工、可克服本底像差。不同于传统的共焦径向剪切干涉,非共焦径向剪切干涉被球面波载频,对小波像差的干涉具有放大作用。实验验证了上述方案的可行性,为大型激光装置的米级光学元件以及十米级太空望远镜的单次波前传感提供了新选项。Objective Large-aperture optical elements are widely used in a variety of optical systems, such as astronomical telescopes and inertial confinement fusion laser devices. To reduce the laser damage to the devices, it is usually necessary to increase the aperture of the optical elements to reduce the energy density. Although real-time on-line dynamic detection of large-aperture optical components has great significance, a large aperture under test is in contradiction with the small target surface of the detector. Therefore, the largeaperture wavefront must be reduced to match the detector size. Among the current wavefront sensors, radial-shearing interferometry can convert a large beam into a small diameter beam to fit the measurement instruments in a diagnostic system. In present study, we report a novel type of single-shot radial-shearing interferometry with an ultra-large aperture ancient Greek-ladder membrane photon sieve(aGPS). This method has the advantages of common path, strong stability, and high accuracy, and meets the requirement of large-aperture wavefront sensing. The proposed approach can be helpful for wavefront measurements of meter-scale optical elements and 10-m space telescopes.Methods Single-shot radial-shearing interferometry with an ultra-large aperture aGPS is proposed for the first time. The ancient Greek-ladder sequences are first encoded and then mapped into the photon sieves to generate an aGPS, which has the optical function of multiple foci in space. The 114 mm diameter aGPS with 150 million holes is designed and machined to carry out radial-shearing interferometry. In the experiment, the reason of low-contrast interferogram at different positions is analyzed, indicating the direction for later research. Furthermore, to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the interferogram, the optical software GLAD is used to simulate the radial-shearing interferometry with sphere-wave illumination. Finally, based on the above analysis, non-confocal radialshearing interferometric experiments with the

关 键 词：测量 波前传感 干涉测量 衍射光学元件 光学编码 

分 类 号：O436[机械工程—光学工程]