消费型App强制“用户同意”的形式、原因与规制  

The form, reason and regulation of mandatory "user consent" of consumer Apps

作　　者：文禹衡 虞美婷 Wen Yuheng;Yu Meiting(Faculty of Law,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan 411105,China;Hunan Data Governance and Smart Justice Research Center,Xiangtan 411105,China)

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学法学学部,湖南湘潭411105 [2]湖南省数据治理与智慧司法研究中心,湖南湘潭411105

出　　处：《网络安全与数据治理》2024年第8期76-81,共6页CYBER SECURITY AND DATA GOVERNANCE

基　　金：2022年湖南省普通高等学校教学改革研究一般项目(HNJG-2022-0567)。

摘　　要：随着互联网经济的发展,传统线下经济大量向线上转移,App平台成为用户在互联网消费的重要工具。“平台强-用户弱”的失衡格局长期存在于网络领域,App平台强制“用户同意”用户协议已然成为行业惯例。消费型App利用其网络技术优势,以显性形式或隐性形式强制面临信息鸿沟的用户同意其制定的用户协议,从而实现获取消费者个人信息、规避法律风险等目的。强制“用户同意”不仅违反了平等、自愿原则,而且严重侵害了用户的知情权、选择权等权利,这种强制行为亟需规制。一方面,要规范用户协议,平衡消费型App和用户之间的地位;另一方面,推进用户数据产权化,提升用户议价能力,增加平台的规避成本。通过规制以促使消费型App平台履行保护个人信息和数据安全等法定的合规义务,平衡消费型App平台和用户之间的权利义务关系,推进App平台从“形式合规”转向“实质合规”。With the development of the Internet economy,the traditional offline economy has shifted significantly online,and the App platform has become an important tool for users to consume on the Internet.The"Strong Platform-Weak User"imbalance pattern persists in the Internet domain.Consumer App takes advantage of its network technology to force users facing the information gap,in explicit or implicit form to agree to the user agreement,so as to achieve the purpose of obtaining consumer personal information and avoiding legal risks and so on.Forcing"user consent"not only violates the principle of equality and voluntariness,but also seriously violates the user′s right to information,choice,and other rights,such coercive behavior urgently need to be regulated.On the one hand,we should regulate the user agreement and balance the status between consumer App and user;On the other hand,promote user data property,improve user bargaining ability,increase the cost of platform avoidance.Regulatory strategies can promote the consumer App platform to fulfill its statutory compliance obligations such as protecting personal information and data security,balance the relationship between the rights and obligations of the consumer App platform and users,and move the App platform from"form compliance"to"substantive compliance".

关 键 词：消费型App 用户同意 显性强制 隐性强制 规制策略 实质合规 

分 类 号：D913[政治法律—民商法学]