基于空间优化的室内可见光定位方法  

Indoor Visible Light Positioning Method Based on Spatial Optimization

作　　者：苏辰希 张艳语 李盾 申丽慧 吴奇 张剑 Su Chenxi;Zhang Yanyu;Li Dun;Shen Lihui;Wu Qi;Zhang Jian(School of Cyber Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450002,Henan,China;PLA Strategic Support Force Information Engineering University,Zhengzhou 450001,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学网络空间安全学院,河南郑州450002 [2]中国人民解放军战略支援部队信息工程大学,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《光学学报》2024年第13期70-79,共10页Acta Optica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(62071489)。

摘　　要：针对传统室内可见光定位精度较低的问题,提出一种基于空间优化的室内可见光定位方法。针对可见光通信定位模拟环境,推导待测点的克拉美罗界和定位精度最佳的光源布局,并使用高斯-牛顿算法进行仿真分析,证明了理论推导的正确性。其次,对比两种位置指纹定位算法:KNN(K-nearest neighbor)和WKNN(Weighted K-nearest neighbor),并对K近邻点的数量进行优化。研究结果表明,当K近邻点数为3时,WKNN算法的平均定位误差为0.226 m,相较于KNN算法的定位误差降低了36.23%。此外,本研究还进一步在WKNN算法的基础上做了一定的优化。实验结果表明,相较于KNN算法和WKNN算法,改进算法的平均定位精度分别提升了51.12%和23.34%。综上所述,本研究显著提升室内可见光定位系统的精度和可靠性。Objective In light of the prevailing limitations of existing indoor positioning methods, including high costs, inadequate positioning accuracy, and susceptibility to external environmental interferences, visible light communication(VLC) using white light LEDs has caught increasing attention as a sustainable and efficient communication method. Owing to the low cost, high efficiency, and extended lifespan of LEDs, indoor VLC positioning technology has emerged as a novel research field. In indoor VLC systems, the layout of light sources is closely related to indoor positioning accuracy. First, it is essential to optimize the layout of the light sources to ensure that the illumination in every corner of the room meets the requirements for both lighting and communication. Second, at the receiving end, it is also crucial to optimize the existing fingerprint positioning algorithms as much as possible and then minimize the average positioning error of the test surface and enhance positioning accuracy. By conducting spatial optimization, positioning LED light sources at appropriate emission locations not only meets the demands for illumination but also improves indoor positioning accuracy. By improving the existing fingerprint positioning algorithms at the receiver end, the average indoor positioning error is reduced. Therefore, in indoor visible light positioning(VLP) systems, the spatial optimization and algorithm improvement are significant for enhancing indoor positioning accuracy.Methods To address the aforementioned challenges, we introduce a novel indoor visible light positioning method based on spatial optimization. Initially, the Cramer-Rao bound(CRB) for the test surface is derived, and under the constraints of at least meeting indoor lighting requirements, the optimal layout of LED light sources is simulated by adopting an iterative algorithm. After establishing the optimal light source layout at the transmitter end, the K value associated with the minimum average positioning error is determined by comparing th

关 键 词：可见光通信 室内定位 克拉美罗界 指纹定位 WKNN算法 

分 类 号：O436[机械工程—光学工程]