菌酶发酵饲料对徐淮白山羊生产性能及胃肠微生物菌群的影响  

Effects of Bacterial Enzyme Fermented Feed on Growth Performance and Gastrointestinal Microbial Flora of Xuhuai White Goats

作　　者：张林吉[1] 任春芝 贾燕 孙朋[1] 任士飞[1] 邱良伟 邱士刚 谭学桃 张军 ZHANG Linji;REN Chunzhi;JIA Yan;SUN Peng;REN Shifei;QIU Liangwei;QIU Shigang;TAN Xuetao;ZHANG Jun(Xuzhou Vocational College of Bioengineering,Jiangsu Xuzhou 221006,China;Suining County Animal Husbandry Veterinarian Technology Guidance Office,Jiangsu Xuzhou 221200,China;Xuzhou Kexing Science and Technology Development Co.,Ltd.,Jiangsu Xuzhou 221200,China)

机构地区：[1]徐州生物工程职业技术学院,江苏徐州221006 [2]睢宁县畜牧兽医技术指导站,江苏徐州221200 [3]徐州科星科技发展有限公司,江苏徐州221200

出　　处：《饲料工业》2024年第17期56-64,共9页Feed Industry

基　　金：徐州市2023年度现代农业面上项目[KC23136];徐州市2023年度农村科技服务项目:丰县羊产业科技服务项目[KC23140];江苏现代农业产业技术体系建设专项[JATS〔2023〕053];江苏省高职院校教师访学研修项目[2024GRFX024]。

摘　　要：试验探究菌酶发酵饲料对徐淮白山羊生长性能、屠宰性能及胃肠道微生物菌群的影响。选择体重(10.0±2.0)kg健康白山羊40只,随机分成4组,每组10只羊,每个重复1只羊。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别在基础日粮中添加5%、10%、20%的菌酶发酵饲料,饲喂180 d后屠宰,取样,对山羊生长性能、屠宰性能、肠道形态和微生物菌群结构进行测定。结果表明:与对照组比较,试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组的终末体重、平均日增重等7项生产性能指标显著增加(P<0.05),料重比显著降低(P<0.05)。试验Ⅱ组的屠宰率、眼肌面积等9项屠宰指标和9项器官发育指标显著高于对照组(P<0.05);试验Ⅲ组的胴体重、屠宰率等6项指标显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。试验Ⅰ组的十二指肠绒毛和空肠绒毛高度显著高于对照组(P<0.05);试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组的十二指肠、空肠和回肠绒毛高度显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组Ⅱ、Ⅲ组的瘤胃Chao1指数、Simpson指数和Ace指数显著高于对照组(P<0.05);3个试验组的拟杆菌门、纤维杆菌门和疣微菌门的丰度值显著提高(P<0.05),厚壁菌门和放线菌门的丰度值显著降低(P<0.05);试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组的普雷沃氏菌属、丁酸弧菌属、纤维杆菌属和疣微菌属的丰度值显著高于对照组(P<0.05),3个试验组拟杆菌属和密螺旋体属的丰度值显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组Ⅱ、Ⅲ组肠道的Chao1指数、Ace指数明显高于对照组(P<0.05);3个试验组厚壁菌门的丰度值均高于对照组(P<0.05),变形菌门的丰度值显著降低(P<0.05);3个试验组普雷沃氏菌属的丰度值显著高于对照组(P<0.05),琥珀酸弧菌属、沙门氏菌属、弯曲菌属和埃希氏菌属丰度值均显著降低(P<0.05)。综上所述,徐淮白山羊日粮中添加10%~20%菌酶发酵饲料可以提高其生长性能、屠宰性能,改善胃肠道健康。The effects of bacterial enzyme fer⁃mented feed on growth performance,slaughter per⁃formance and gastrointestinal microflora of Xuhuai white goats were studied in this experiment.A to⁃tal of 40 healthy white goats with the body weight of(10.0±2.0)kg were randomly divided into 4 groups with 1 sheep in each replicate.The goats in control group were fed a basal diet.The goats in groupsⅠ,ⅡandⅢwere fed the basal diet supplemented with 5%,10%and 20%bacterial en⁃zyme fermented feed,respectively,and were slaughtered after 180 days.Growth performance,slaughter performance,intestinal morphology and microbial flora structure were measured.The results showed as follows:compared with the control group,the final body weight,average daily gain,average daily feed in⁃take,final body height,final body oblique length,final chest circumference and final tube circumference of trial groupsⅡandⅢwere significantly increased(P<0.05),and the ratio of feed to gain was signifi⁃cantly decreased(P<0.05).The live weight before slaughter,carcass weight,net meat weight,slaughter rate,bone weight,ratio of bone to meat,eye muscle area,head weight,rumen weight,reticulum weight,valve stomach weight,net meat rate,carcass length,hoof weight,heart weight,liver weight,lung weight and kidney weight of trial groupⅡwere significantly higher than those of control group(P<0.05).The carcass weight,slaughter rate,net meat weight,rumen weight,reticulum weight,live weight before slaugh⁃ter and eye muscle area of test groupⅢwere higher than those of control group(P<0.05).The villi height of duodenum and jejunum in groupⅠwas significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05);the villi height of duodenum,jejunum and ileum in trial groupsⅡandⅢwas significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05).The rumen Chao1 index,Simpson index and Ace index in the experi⁃mental groupⅡandⅢgroup were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The abundance values of Bacteroidetes,fibrinobacteria and verrucobacte

关 键 词：徐淮白山羊 菌酶发酵饲料 生长性能 微生物菌群 屠宰性能 

分 类 号：S816.6[农业科学—饲料科学]