新型磺酸盐双子表面活性剂的合成与性能  

Synthesis and properties of novel gemini sulfonate surfactants

作　　者：黄蕊 王俊[1] 梁利丽 王玲[1] HUANG Rui;WANG Jun;LIANG Lili;WANG Ling(College of Chemistry&Chemical Engineering,Northeast Petroleum University,Daqing 163318,China)

机构地区：[1]东北石油大学化学化工学院,黑龙江大庆163318

出　　处：《化工科技》2024年第3期1-5,共5页Science & Technology in Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点基金(51834005);黑龙江省应用技术研究与开发计划项目(GA20A201);吉林大学无机合成与制备化学国家重点实验室开放项目基金;东北石油大学提高采收率教育部重点实验室开放项目基金;东北石油大学化学工程与技术优势特色学科青年学术骨干支持计划。

摘　　要：本文以三亚乙基四胺和长链溴代烷烃(含碳数分别为12、14和16)为原料,无水乙醇为溶剂合成中间体,再将其与3-氯-2-羟基丙烷磺酸钠反应,合成系列不同疏水链长的新型磺酸盐Gemini表面活性剂C_(n)-N_(4)-C_(n)(n=12,14,16)。采用红外光谱与核磁共振氢谱对中间体和目标产物结构进行分析,判定本文所合成的最终产物符合预期。通过表面张力的测定,发现C_(12)-N_(4)-C_(12)具有较强的降低表面张力的能力,可以将其降至21.45 mN/m;此外,它的抗盐性能也是最强的,当w(C_(n)-N_(4)-C_(n))=0.1%~0.5%可以抵抗48000 mg/L的矿化度,而且溶液始终呈澄清状态。随着疏水碳链数量的增加,抗盐性能下降,即C_(16)-N_(4)-C_(16)<C_(14)-N_(4)-C_(14)<C_(12)-N_(4)-C_(12);C_(14)-N_(4)-C_(14)的乳化力最佳,达77.5%,即3种表面活性剂的乳化性能强弱顺序:C_(14)-N_(4)-C_(14)>C_(16)-N_(4)-C_(16)>C_(12)-N_(4)-C_(12)。Using absolute ethanol as solvent synthesis intermediate,triethyenetetramine and long-chain bromoalkanes(carbon)12,14,16 were reacted with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropane sulfonate to synthesis a series of new sulfonate Gemini surfactant C_(n)-N_(4)-C_(n)(n=12,14,16).The structures of intermediate and target product were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy and NMR hydrogen spectroscopy,and the final products synthesized met the expectation.It is found that C_(12)-N_(4)-C_(12)has a strong surface tension reduction ability to 21.45 mN/m.Besides,its salt resistance can resist the concentration of 48000 mg/L,and the solution is always in a clear state.With the increase of hydrophobic carbon chain,the salt resistance decreased,i.e.,C_(16)-N_(4)-C_(16)<C_(14)-N_(4)-C_(14)<C_(12)-N_(4)-C_(12).C_(14)-N_(4)-C_(14)had the best emulsification force of 77.5%,that is,the emulsification strength order of three surfactants:C_(14)-N_(4)-C_(14)>C_(16)-N_(4)-C_(16)>C_(12)-N_(4)-C_(12).

关 键 词：磺酸盐 双子表面活性剂 抗盐性能 乳化性能 

分 类 号：TQ423.1[化学工程]