新疆阿勒泰山地东段动物间鼠疫流行特征分析  

Epidemic characteristics of animal plague in eastern sector of Altay Mountains of Xinjiang

作　　者：王信惠[1,2] 吴海燕 罗勇军 梁玲 王宇萌[4] 王焱 王启果 特列吾别克·斯拉木别克[6] 古丽阿依·包开西 王蒴 木拉提汉·木巴别克[7] 贵有军 王效俊 李伟 WANG Xinhui;WU Haiyan;LUO Yongjun;LIANG Ling;WANG Yumeng;WANG Yan;WANG Qiguo;TELIEWUBIEKE Silamubieke;GULIAYI Baokaixi;WANG Shuo;MULATIHAN Mubabieke;GUI Youjun;WANG Xiaojun;LI Wei(Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830002,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [2]新疆病媒传染病重点实验室 [3]新疆阿勒泰地区疾病预防控制中心 [4]中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所 [5]新疆阿勒泰福海县疾病预防控制中心 [6]新疆阿勒泰青河县疾病预防控制中心 [7]新疆阿勒泰市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国地方病防治》2024年第4期271-273,共3页Chinese Journal of Control of Endemic Diseases

基　　金：国家自然基金地区项目(32160136)。

摘　　要：目的分析新疆阿勒泰山地东段动物间鼠疫流行特征、疫源地性质、流行范围,为制定鼠疫防控措施提供参考依据。方法依据2015—2017年鼠疫流行病学调查数据、2021—2023年鼠疫流动监测数据进行流行病学分析,利用EXCEL 2010和SPSS 17.0软件处理数据和统计分析。结果调查期间共捕获啮齿类动物、食肉类动物7科10属10种,分别为长尾黄鼠、灰旱獭、棕背鼠平、狭颅田鼠、高山鼠兔、灰仓鼠、小家鼠、长耳跳鼠、鼩鼱、林鼬。细菌学检验动物脏器标本946份、媒介寄生蚤标本53组/1286只;免疫学检测动物血清标本992份、小型鼠心脏浸液标本77份;动物脏器研磨液标本935份、骨髓悬液标本11份、媒介蚤研磨液标本53份。经鼠疫正相间接血凝试验(IHA)和酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)两种方法检测动物血清及小型鼠心脏浸液标本鼠疫F1抗体,检出鼠疫F1抗体阳性标本牧犬6份、长尾黄鼠3份、林鼬6份;鼠疫反相间接血凝试验(RIHA)和酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)两种方法检测动物脏器、骨髓、媒介蚤悬液标本鼠疫F1抗原,检出鼠疫F1抗原阳性长尾黄鼠4份、灰旱獭2份、媒介蚤组(谢氏山蚤)1份;分离出鼠疫菌株长尾黄鼠3株,灰旱獭1株,谢氏山蚤1株。结论新疆阿勒泰山地存在鼠疫自然疫源地,为灰旱獭和长尾黄鼠双宿主鼠疫自然疫源地,动物间鼠疫持续流行。Objective To analyze the epidemic feature,characteristics and scope of plague focus in the eastern sector of Altay Mountains in Xinjiang,so as to provide reference data for formulating control measures of plague.Methods According to the data of epidemiological investigation on plague from 2015 to 2017,the surveillance data of plague from 2021 to 2023 were analyzed epidemiologically.Software EXCEL 2010 and SPSS 17.0 were employed to process the data and carry out statistical analysis.Results There were rodents and carnivores of 10 species,10 genus and 7 families were captured totally during the period of investigation,including Citellus undulatus,Marmota baibacina,Clethrionomys rufocanus,Microtus gregalis,and Ochotona alpina,migratorius pallas,Mus musculus,Euchoreutesnaso sclater,Sorex araneus and Mustela putorius.Nine hundred and forty-six samples of animal viscera and 1286 vector parasitic fleas of 53 groups were examined bacteriologically,and 992 samples of animal sera and 77 samples of heart infusion of small rodents and 935 samples of animal organ abrasive fluid,11 samples of bone marrow suspension and 53 samples of vector flea abrasive fluid were tested immuno-serologically.Two methods of IHA and ELISA were carried out to detect for F1 antibody in animal sera and heart infusion of small rodents.There were 6 of shepherd dog,3 of Citellus undulatus and 6 of Mustela putorius with positive F1 antibody to plague.Meanwhile,RIHA and ELISA were conducted to determine F1 antigen to plague in suspension samples of the animal viscera,bone marrow and vector flea.Four samples of Citellus undulatus,2 of Marmota baibacina and 1 of vector flea group(Oropsylls silantiew)were detected with positive F1 antigen to plague.By bacteriological detection,Yersinia pestis was isolated in Huahaizi of Sandaohaizi area of Qinghe County of Altay,Xinjiang,that is,3 strains from Citellus undulatus,1 from Marmota baibacina and 1 from vector flea group(Oropsylls silantiew).Conclusion There is plague natural focus in the Altay Mountains,Xinjia

关 键 词：新疆 鼠疫疫源地 流行特征 流行范围 

分 类 号：R516.8[医药卫生—内科学]