上海市嘉定区8~10岁学龄儿童碘营养状况及甲状腺容积影响因素研究  

Analysis of iodine nutrition status and influencing factors of thyroid volume in children aged 8-10 in Jiading District of Shanghai

作　　者：程仁杰 王小卉 张妍 朱琰泓 薛俊磊 马飞飞[1] 彭谦[1] 彭慧[1] CHENG Renjie;WANG Xiaohui;ZHANG Yan;ZHU Yanhong;XUE Junlei;MA Feifei;PENG Qian;PENG Hui(Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiading District,Shanghai,Shanghai 201800,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市嘉定区疾病预防控制中心,上海201800

出　　处：《中国地方病防治》2024年第4期291-294,共4页Chinese Journal of Control of Endemic Diseases

基　　金：嘉定区公共卫生优秀人才培养计划-学科后备带头人项目;复旦大学公共卫生学院-嘉定区卫生健康委公共卫生高质量发展重点学科:儿少卫生与妇幼保健学(GWGZLXK-2023-04)。

摘　　要：目的探讨上海市嘉定区8~10岁学龄儿童碘营养状况及甲状腺容积影响因素,为该区学龄儿童合理的补碘措施提供科学参考。方法2017、2020和2023年,采用分层随机抽样法,分别在嘉定区东、西、南、北、中5个片区随机抽取1所小学8~10岁儿童,按照标准随机采集1次儿童尿样及家中食用盐,并进行身高、体重和甲状腺容积检查。结果共调查611名8~10岁学龄儿童。儿童家中食用盐碘盐覆盖率为67.92%(415/611),合格碘盐食用率为51.39%(314/611)。儿童尿碘中位数为254.00μg/L,碘营养状况属于充足水平。2017、2020、2023年儿童甲状腺容积中位数分别为2.76、2.66、2.46 mL,不同年龄、BMI组的儿童甲状腺容积差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。儿童甲状腺肿大检出率为2.78%,2017、2020、2023年分别为3.88%、2.50%、1.95%,甲状腺肿大率仅在不同BMI组儿童中差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。相关性分析结果显示,按年龄分层,8~10岁年龄组儿童身高、体重、体表面积均与甲状腺容积成正相关(P<0.01)。结论嘉定区8~10岁学龄儿童碘营养水平超过适宜水平,可能与经常进食富碘食物有关,儿童尿碘、身高、体重、体表面积均为甲状腺容积的影响因素。Objective To explore the iodine nutrition status and influencing factors of thyroid volume of school-age children aged 8-10 years old in Jiading District,Shanghai,so as to provide scientific reference for rational iodine supplementation of school-age children.Methods Stratified random sampling method was used to randomly select one primary school of 8-10-year-old children in east,west,south,north and middle of Jiading District in 2017,2020 and 2023.The children's urine samples and edible salt in the home were collected randomly according to the standard,and height,weight and thyroid volume were examined.Results A total of 611 school-age children aged 8-10 years were investigated.The coverage rate of iodized salt in edible salt from children's home was 67.92%(415/611),and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 51.39%(314/611).The median of urinary iodine in children was 254.00μg/L,which was above the appropriate level of iodine.The medians of thyroid volume in children in 2017,2020 and 2023 were 2.76,2.66 and 2.46 mL,respectively,and the difference of thyroid volume in children with different age and BMI groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).The detection rate of goiter in children was 2.78%,and the detection rates in 2017,2020 and 2023 were 3.88%,2.50%and 1.95%,respectively.The goiter rate was statistically significant only in children with different BMI groups(P<0.05).The correlation analysis results showed that according to age stratification,height,weight and body surface area of children aged 8-10 years old were positively correlated with thyroid volume(P<0.01).Conclusion The iodine nutrition level of school-age children aged 8 to 10 in Jiading District is exceeding sufficient level,which may be related to the frequent consumption of iodine-rich foods.Urinary iodine,height,weight and body surface area of children are all influencing factors of thyroid volume.

关 键 词：碘 儿童 甲状腺容积 身高 体重 

分 类 号：R591.1[医药卫生—内科学]