2018—2022年重庆市渝中区碘缺乏病监测结果分析及对策  

Analysis and counter measures of iodine deficiency disorders in Yuzhong District of Chongqing from 2018 to 2022

作　　者：王悦琳 刘淼[1] 刘飞 雷情 孙威 汤洪秀 WANG Yuelin;LIU Miao;LIU Fei;LEI Qing;SUN Wei;TANG Hongxiu(Yuzhong District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chongqing 400010,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市渝中区疾病预防控制中心,重庆400010 [2]重庆市渝中区七星岗街道社区卫生服务中心 [3]重庆市渝中区朝天门街道社区卫生服务中心

出　　处：《中国地方病防治》2024年第4期312-314,320,共4页Chinese Journal of Control of Endemic Diseases

基　　金：2018—2020中央转移支付项目-地方病防治;2021—2022重庆市基本公共卫生服务项目(渝卫发[2021]39号、渝卫发[2022]35号)。

摘　　要：目的对重庆市渝中区2018—2022年碘缺乏病监测结果进行分析,为实施长期科学补碘策略提供依据。方法按照《全国碘缺乏病监测方案(2016版)》要求,2018—2022年间,每年按东、西、南、北、中5个方位各选择1个街道,每个街道抽取至少40名8~10岁儿童和20名孕妇进行监测,5年共抽取儿童1090名和孕妇500名,儿童检测家中盐碘、尿碘含量和甲状腺容积,孕妇检测家中盐碘和尿碘含量。结果2018—2022年,盐碘中位数分别为25.90、26.20、24.19、25.00、28.11 mg/kg,年度差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),合格碘盐食用率分别为93.46%、94.06%、97.52%、98.10%和95.83%,年度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。5年内儿童尿碘中位数分别为239.47、360.00、213.39、254.00和266.55μg/L,除2019年为碘过量水平,其余年份均为碘适宜水平;5年孕妇尿碘中位数分别为178.50、158.00、168.23、192.50、173.00μg/L,均为碘适宜水平。2018、2019、2021年儿童甲状腺肿大率分别为3.17%、2.73%、0.93%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论重庆市渝中区碘缺乏病防治各项指标连续5年均达到碘缺乏病消除标准,但是仍需加强碘盐市场监管和碘缺乏病防治宣教工作,特别是儿童科学补碘的健康促进工作。Objective To analyse the results of iodine deficiency disorders(IDD)monitoring in Yuzhong District,Chongqing from 2018 to 2022,so as to provide evidence for the implementation of long-term scientific iodine supplementation strategy.Methods In accordance with the requirements of the“National Iodine Deficiency Disease Monitoring Programme(2016 edition)”,at least 40 children aged 8-10 years old and 20 pregnant women were selected from each street according to the five directions of east,west,south,north and centre every year.From 2018 to 2022,a total of 1090 children and 500 pregnant women were selected.Salt iodine content,urine iodine content and thyroid volume in children were detected,and salt iodine content and urine iodine content in pregnant women were detected.Results From 2018 to 2022,the medians of salt iodine were 25.90,26.20,24.19,25.00 and 28.11 mg/kg,respectively,with statistically significant difference(P<0.01),and the consumption rates of qualified iodized salt were 93.46%,94.06%,97.52%,98.10%and 95.83%,respectively,with statistically significant difference(P<0.05).The medians of urine iodine in 5 years of children were 239.47,360.00,213.39,254.00 and 266.55μg/L,respectively,all higher than the appropriate level of iodine;the medians of urine iodine of pregnant women were 178.50,158.00,168.23,192.50,173μg/L,respectively,all at the appropriate level,the goiter rates of children in 2018,2019 and 2021 were 3.17%,2.73%,0.93%,respectively,with no statistically significant difference(P>0.05).Conclusion All indicators of IDD prevention and control in Yuzhong District of Chongqing have reached the standard of eliminating IDD for 5 consecutive years.However,it is still necessary to strengthen the supervision of iodized salt market and the publicity and education of IDD prevention and control,especially for the health promotion of children's scientific iodine supplement.

关 键 词：孕妇 儿童 碘营养 盐碘 尿碘 甲状腺肿 

分 类 号：R599[医药卫生—内科学]