一种改进的金属薄板面内压缩试验方法  

An improved in-plane compression test method for metal sheet

作　　者：李庆磊 周平 翟彦博[1] 熊维清 卫千泽 LI Qinglei;ZHOU Ping;ZHAI Yanbo;XIONG Weiqing;WEI Qianze(College of Engineering and Technology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学工程技术学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《实验力学》2024年第4期443-453,共11页Journal of Experimental Mechanics

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(SWU7130200010/076)。

摘　　要：针对金属薄板在面内压缩力学性能测试过程中容易出现的屈曲失效问题,本文提出了一种改进的试验方法,该方法通过在哑铃状试样表面加工浅槽,利用其自平衡原理去抑制试样的过早屈曲变形。首先,对以往试验工装与压缩试样进行了优化设计,并通过理论分析与仿真分析相结合的方式证明了该方法的可行性与普适性。然后,对4种不同类型的轻质金属薄板进行单向拉伸与压缩试验,比较了各自拉伸与压缩时力学性能的差异。结果表明,该试验方法能够有效抑制试样的过早屈曲变形,从而获得较大的面内压缩变形,并且可以使用数字图像相关法测量试样在长度与宽度方向上的应变,进而精确计算出板材压缩时的厚向异性系数。In order to overcome the buckling failure in the in-plane compression mechanical testing of metal thin plates,this paper proposed an improved method by the self-balancing of the specimen to suppress the premature buckling by the single-sided grooves of dogbone specimen.First,the previous fixture and specimen of this method was designed and optimized.The feasibility and universality of this method were demonstrated through theoretical analysis and simulation analysis.Second,this method was applied in uniaxial in-plane compression testing of four types metal sheets.Additionally,uniaxial tensile tests were conducted for the purpose of comparison.The experimental results indicate that this method can effectively suppressed the premature buckling.The strain was obtained accurately in the length and width direction of the specimen by using the Digital Image Correlation method(DIC).The anisotropy coefficient(r-value)can subsequently be calculated precisely.

关 键 词：金属薄板 面内压缩 力学性能测试 自平衡原理 数字图像相关法 

分 类 号：TG759[金属学及工艺—刀具与模具] U467.494[机械工程—车辆工程]