不同灌溉防护措施下梭梭根系生物量及形态特征  

Root biomass and morphological characteristics of Haloxylon ammodendron under different irrigation protection measures

作　　者：范严伟[1] 史金红 唐兴鹏 李泽林 王延祥 石雯 FAN Yanwei;SHI Jinhong;TANG Xingpeng;LI Zelin;WANG Yanxiang;SHI Wen(College of Energy and Power Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China;Nonferrous Metallurgic Design and Research Institute,Lanzhou 730000,China;Pingliang Basic Industry Investment Group Co.,Ltd.,Pingliang 744000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院,兰州730050 [2]兰州有色冶金设计研究院有限公司,兰州730000 [3]平凉市基础产业投资集团有限公司,平凉744000

出　　处：《生态学报》2024年第16期7278-7289,共12页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52369007,51969013)。

摘　　要：梭梭是防风固沙和改善生态环境的先锋树种,但在种植过程中存在成活率偏低和生长缓慢的瓶颈问题,科学合理的灌溉防护是保障梭梭幼苗成活并健康生长的关键。多年来,关于梭梭灌溉防护技术的研究主要集中在单一的灌溉方法或防护措施上,对于多种灌溉防护措施的综合比较和差异分析缺乏足够认识,这在一定程度上制约了人们对灌溉防护措施的优化选择和合理应用。鉴于此,设置了4种灌溉防护措施:传统地表滴灌(TSDI)、无灌溉竖管防护(NIPP)、竖管地表滴灌(PSDI)和无灌溉无防护(NINP),通过野外筒栽试验,比较了不同措施下土壤水分分布及梭梭幼苗成活率的差异,分析了不同措施及竖管参数(管径和埋深)组合下梭梭根系性状特征。结果表明,4种措施下土壤水分均随深度的增大而增大,同一时期相同深度处土壤含水率大小表现出PSDI>NIPP>TSDI>NINP的规律;移栽1年后,梭梭在不同措施下其成活率存在显著差异,PSDI措施下的成活率最高,达到88.9%,NINP措施下的成活率最低,仅为11.1%,而NIPP和TSDI措施下的成活率介于PSDI和NINP之间,分别为81.5%和44.4%;4种灌溉防护措施中,PSDI的梭梭根系生物量、主根增长量及各形态指标(总根长、总根表面积、总根体积、根平均直径和根尖数)均为最大值,NIPP的根系生物量、主根增长量及各形态指标优于TSDI但不及PSDI,而NINP措施的均为最小值;PSDI措施下竖管参数对梭梭根系的生长有显著影响(P<0.05),相同管径时,根系生物量、主根增长量及根系形态指标均随埋深的增大呈先增大后减小的趋势,根冠比则呈先减小后增大的规律;同一埋深时,根系生物量、主根增长量及根系形态指标均随管径的增大而增大,而根冠比则随管径的增大而减小。综合分析,4种措施下PSDI措施最有利于1年生梭梭根系的生长发育,3种管径(9、11 cm和16 cm)和埋深(10、15 cm和20 cm)下竖管H.ammodendron is a pioneer tree species to prevent wind and sand and improve the ecological environment,but there are bottlenecks of low survival rate and slow growth in the planting process.Scientific and reasonable irrigation protection is the key to ensure the survival and healthy growth of H.ammodendron seedlings.Over the years,the research on H.ammodendron irrigation protection technology mainly focuses on a single irrigation method or protection measure.There is a lack of sufficient understanding of the comprehensive comparison and difference analysis of multiple irrigation protection measures,which to a certain extent restricts the optimal selection and rational application of irrigation protection measures.In view of this,four types of irrigation protection measures were set up:traditional surface drip irrigation(TSDI),nonirrigation vertical pipe protection(NIPP),vertical pipe surface drip irrigation(PSDI),and non-irrigation non-protection(NINP).The differences in soil moisture distribution and the survival rate of H.ammodendron seedlings under the different measures were compared through the field cylinder planting experiment,and the root characteristics of H.ammodendron were analyzed under the different measures and the combination of vertical pipe parameters(pipe diameter and burial depth).The results showed that soil moisture increased with depth under the four measures,and the soil water content at the same depth in the same period showed the pattern of PSDI>NIPP>TSDI>NINP;one year after transplanting,there were significant differences in the survival rate of H.ammodendron seedlings under the different measures,with the highest survival rate of 88.9%under the measure of PSDI,and the lowest survival rate of 11.1%under the measure of NINP,while the survival rates under NIPP and TSDI measures were between PSDI and NINP,81.5%and 44.4%,respectively.Among the four irrigation protection measures,the maximum values of H.ammodendron root biomass,primary root growth and various morphological indicators(total r

关 键 词：梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron) 竖管地表滴灌 根系生物量 形态指标 竖管参数 

分 类 号：S793.9[农业科学—林木遗传育种]