解析中西方乡村振兴的“同”与“不同”——探索理性务实的乡村振兴之路  

Commonalities and Differences Between Rural Revitalization in China and the West:Exploration of a Pragmatic Path for Rural Revitalization

作　　者：张京祥[1] 林靖杰 ZHANG Jingxiang;LIN Jingjie

机构地区：[1]南京大学建筑与城市规划学院

出　　处：《城市学报》2024年第2期2-9,共8页Journal of Urban Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52078245)。

摘　　要：面对中国城镇化发展进程由量转质的内在需求,乡村振兴是新时期实现城乡融合发展的关键所在。中国当前的乡村振兴既与西方具有共性的方面,但也存在社会制度、具体语境等差异,有必要对二者进行深入的比较剖析,从而促进外来经验与本土化的有机结合与务实落地。首先,文章在梳理中国和西方乡村振兴演进脉络的基础上,阐释了二者的历史共性,包括:化解城乡差距过大的社会矛盾、对乡村价值与环境产生主动需求、面向城乡等值的目标实现等。其次,文章认为中国乡村振兴与西方的差异主要在于城镇化不稳定态、多重战略目标面向、城乡流动限制、复杂严苛规制、新技术经济变革等方面塑造的特殊情景。最后,文章针对当前乡村振兴实践中的问题并基于中国国情,对乡村振兴路径设计提出了五方面的策略建议,包括:空间资源配置、城乡对流机制、乡村空间管控、产业联动发展、治理现代化等。Faced with the inherent demand of China's urbanization development process,from quantity to quality,rural revitalization has become the key to achieving urban-rural integration in the new era.While there are commonalities between China's rural revitalization and the West,there are also differences in social systems and specific contexts.It is necessary to conduct an in-depth comparative analysis in order to adapt Western experience into China's local practices.Firstly,based on the analysis of the evolution of rural revitalization in both China and the West,this paper elaborates on the historical commonalities,including resolving social conflicts caused by the large urbanrural gap,generating active demand for rural values and environment,and achieving the goal of urban-rural equivalence.Secondly,this paper believes that the main differences between China's rural revitalization and the West lie in the special scenarios shaped by unstable urbanization,multi-pronged strategic goals,restrictions on urban-rural mobility,complex and strict regulations,and reforms driven by emerging technologies and economies.Finally,this paper proposes five strategic suggestions for the design of rural revitalization paths based on the current problems in rural revitalization practice and China's national conditions,including allocation of spatial resources,urban-rural mobility systems,regulation of rural space,coordinated industrial development,and rural governance modernization.

关 键 词：乡村振兴 中西方比较 不同语境 共性与差异 路径设计 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计] F293.2[经济管理—国民经济]