西藏点地梅基因组调研及SSR特征分析  

Genome Survey and Characteristic Analysis on SSR of A ndrosace mariae Kanitz

作　　者：崔小梅 王金虎 陈均玉 张强英[1] 于涛[2] 张道斌 布多[1] Cui Xiaomei;Wang Jinhu;Chen Junyu;Zhang Qiangying;Yu Tao;Zhang Daobin;Bu Duo(School of Ecology and Environment,Tibet University,Lhasa,850000;College of Science,Tibet University,Lhasa,850000)

机构地区：[1]西藏大学生态环境学院,拉萨850000 [2]西藏大学理学院,拉萨850000

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2024年第17期5692-5700,共9页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家重点研发计划子课题(2022YFD1601001-01);西藏大学人才创新团队与实验室平台建设—青藏高原环境科研创新团队(2022ZDTD06);西藏大学2023年中央支持地方高校改革发展专项基金项目([2021]1号-21);国家自然科学基金地区项目(41967059)共同资助。

摘　　要：西藏点地梅(Androsace mariae Kanitz)具有清热解毒、消肿止痛等功效,但参考基因组遗传信息的缺乏限制了该药用植物的深入开发利用。为深入了解西藏点地梅基因组信息和简单重复序列(SSR)分布特征,本研究采用Illumina高通量二代测序技术对西藏点地梅进行基因组调研,借助K-mer分析手段评价其基因组大小、杂合度、重复序列、GC含量等信息,并采用微卫星识别工具(MISA)进行SSR位点搜索和特征分析,以进一步分析该植物的遗传多样性。结果表明,西藏点地梅基因组大小约为4627.64 Mb,基因杂合度约1.03%,重复序列含量约71.83%,GC含量约为37.62%,属于高杂合、高重复序列比例的复杂基因组。SSR特征分析共鉴定出2631688个SSR位点,其中单碱基重复的SSR单元最为丰富,共1729625个,其次是双碱基重复类型,共745784个,占总重复单元类型数的比例分别为65.72%和28.34%。在单、双、三、四、五、六碱基重复类型中数量最多的分别是A/T、AG/CT、AAT/ATT、ACAT/ATGT、AAAAT/ATTTT、AAAAAG/CTTTTT。本研究结果为西藏点地梅及点地梅属植物的遗传多样性、遗传图谱构建、分子标记开发等研究工作提供参考。A ndrosace mariae Kanitz has the effect of heat-clearing,detoxifying,reducing swelling and alleviating pain,but the lack of reference of genome information limits the in-depth development and utilization of this medicinal plant.In an attempt to further understand the genomic information and distribution characteristics of simple repeat sequence(SSR)of A.mariae,Illumina high-throughput second-generation sequencing technology was used to investigate the genome,and K-mer analysis was applied to estimate genome size,heterozygosity,repeat sequence,GC content and other information.Microsatellite identification tool(MISA)was used for SSR site search and feature analysis to further analyze the genetic diversity of this plant.The results showed the estimated genome size of A.mariae was 4627.64 Mb,with a 1.03% heterozygosity rate and 71.83% repeats,and the GC content of genome was about 37.62%.Therefore,A.mariae belongs to a complex genome with high heterozygosity and repetition.A total of 2631688 SSR loci were identified,among which mononucleotide repetitive motifs are the most abundant with a total of 1729625,followed by dinucleotide repetitive motifs with a total of 745784,accounting for 65.72% and 28.34% of the total repeat unit types,respectively.Among the mononucleotide,dinucleotide,trinucleotide,tetranuclotide,pentanucleotide,hexanucleotide nucleotide repeats,A/T,AG/CT,AAT/ATT,ACAT/ATGT,AAAAT/ATTTT,AAAAAG/CTTTTT have the largest number,respectively.The results of this study provide references for research on genetic diversity,genetic map construction and molecular marker development of A.mariae.

关 键 词：青藏高原 西藏点地梅 基因组调研 高通量测序 SSR分子标记 

分 类 号：S662.4[农业科学—果树学]