贵州地方芥菜型油菜主要农艺性状的遗传多样性分析  

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Main Agronomic Characters in Local Brassica juncea L.in Guizhou

作　　者：王璐璐 张超 杨斌 唐容 黄莎 梁峰豪 Wang Lulu;Zhang Chao;Yang Bin;Tang Rong;Huang Sha;Liang Fenghao(Guizhou Institute of Oil Crops,Guiyang,550006)

机构地区：[1]贵州省油料研究所,贵阳550006

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2024年第17期5744-5757,共14页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32060146);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合基础[2019]1306号);国家油菜产业技术体系(CARS-12)共同资助。

摘　　要：为了探明贵州芥菜型油菜的遗传变异情况,并筛选具有优良性状的材料作为核心种质资源,该研究以242份贵州地方芥菜型油菜资源为研究对象,利用株高、一次分枝数、千粒重等表型性状,进行遗传多样性的评价、主成分分析和类群划分。分析结果表明:(1)贵州芥菜型油菜的株高、一次分枝数、主花序长、全株有效角果数等15个表型数量性状具有较大的标准差及变异系数,表型变异系数介于10.27%~33.66%之间。(2)主成分分析将15个数量性状简化为产量相关因子、分枝相关因子、主花序相关因子、角果相关因子,累计贡献率为68.29%。(3)在欧式距离为10处,可将贵州芥菜型油菜资源划分为高产、中产、低产3个类群。研究结果表明,贵州芥菜型油菜遗传多样性丰富,该研究结果为贵州芥菜型油菜种质资源的保护和利用提供了重要的理论依据。In order to investigate the genetic variation of Guizhou Brassica juncea and to select materials with excellent traits as core germplasm resources,242 Guizhou local B.juncea resources were selected as research objects,and genetic diversity assessment,principal component analysis and taxa classification were carried out by using phenotypic traits such as plant height,number of primary branches and 1000-grain weight.The results showed that:(1)the 15 phenotypic quantitative traits of Guizhou B.juncea,including plant height,number of primary branches,length of main inflorescence and number of effective corner fruits,had high standard deviation and coefficient of variation,which ranged from 10.27% to 33.66%.(2)Principal component analysis simplified the 15 quantitative traits into yield related factors,branching related factors,main inflorescence related factors,and silique related factors,with a cumulative contribution rate of 68.29%.(3)In the Euclidean distance of 10,Guizhou B.juncea resources could be divided into three groups:high yield,middle yield and low yield.The results showed that the genetic diversity of Guizhou B.juncea was rich,which provided an important theoretical basis for the protection and utilization of Guizhou local B.juncea germplasm resources.

关 键 词：贵州 芥菜型油菜 遗传多样性 主成分分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]