不同植物生长调节剂对墨兰成花生理和开花性状的影响  

Effects of Different Plant Growth Regulators on Flowering Physiology and Flowering Characters of Cymbidium sinense

作　　者：李腾基 付志恵 陈鑫 黄洁衔 黄紫钦 张建霞 Li Tengji;Fu Zhihui;Chen Xin;Huang Jiexian;Huang Ziqin;Zhang Jianxia(Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization in Guangdong Province,College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou,510642;College of Construction Engineering,Guangdong Engineering Polytechinc,Guangzhou,510520)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学林学与风景园林学院,广东省森林植物种质创新与利用重点实验室,广州510642 [2]广东工程职业技术学院建筑工程学院,广州510520

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2024年第17期5777-5786,共10页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金项目(2019A1515011288);广州市科技计划项目(201707010345);中国科学院华南农业植物分子分析与遗传改良重点实验室开放基金资助项目(Y921221001)共同资助。

摘　　要：以墨兰中的‘企剑白墨’品种为材料,研究不同浓度的赤霉素(GA_3)(B1~B4)和细胞分裂素(6-BA)(A1~A4)对墨兰成花过程中的生理指标及开花时间和开花品质的影响。结果表明:与对照(CK)相比,喷施6-BA或GA_3均能提高花芽分化期叶片中可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、淀粉含量及相关酶的活性;相比于对照组,6-BA处理能促进墨兰花芽分化,增加花芽数量和花朵数量,并提前开花,但抑制花箭伸长,其中,100 mg/L的6-BA处理能使花芽数量增加37.4%,花期提前5.8 d,开花综合品质最佳;与对照相比,GA_3处理不能促进花芽分化和提前开花,但能显著促进花箭伸长,使花朵萼片变长,而高浓度的GA_3处理(200 mg/L)会影响墨兰生长,导致花期延后,小花败育严重。故相比于GA_3处理,喷施100 mg/L的6-BA能够显著提高花芽分化期各项开花生理指标含量,增加花芽数量,提前花期。本研究结果为制定墨兰花期调控标准化技术体系提供参考。The Cymbidium sinense cultivar'Qijian Baimo'were used to study the effect of different concentrations of gibberellins(GA3)(B1~B4)and 6-Benzylaminopurine(6-BA)(A1~A4)on physiological indicators,flowering time and flowering quality during the flowering process of Cymbidium sinense.The results indicated that:compared with the control(CK),spraying 6-BA or GA3 could increase the content of soluble protein,soluble sugar,starch and activity of related enzymes in the leaves at the flower bud differentiation stage;compared with the control group 6-BA treatment could promote flower bud differentiation,increase the number of flower buds and flower number,and make it blo-ssom earlier,but inhibit flower stalk growth.Among them,6-BA 100 mg/L had the best comprehensive flowering qualit,which could increased the number of flower buds by 37.4%and advance the flowering date by 5.8 days;GA3 treatment could not promote flower bud differentiation and early flowering compared with the control,but significantly increased the length of flower stalk and sepal.However,high concentration of GA3 treatment(200 mg/L)could affect the growth of Cymbidium sinense,resulting in delayed floret and serious floret deformity.Therefore,compared with GA3 treatment,spraying 100 mg/L 6-BA could significantly increase the content of various flowering physiological indexes during flower bud differentiation,increase the number of flower buds,advance florescence.The study conclusions provided reference for developing a standardized technical system for floral regulation in Chinese cymbidium.

关 键 词：墨兰 植物生长调节剂 花芽分化 开花生理 花期调控 

分 类 号：S682.31[农业科学—观赏园艺]