不同微生境中入侵植物牛膝菊的表型变异  

Phenotypic Variation of Invasive Galinsoga parviflora in Different Microhabitats

作　　者：贺齐平 曹丽秋 闫晓慧[1] 胡世俊[2] HE Qiping;CAO Liqiu;YAN Xiaohui;HU Shijun(Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control of Yunnan Provinces,Southwest Forestry University;Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China(State Forestry Administration),Southwest Forestry University,Kunming Yunnan 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学云南省森林灾害预警与控制重点实验室 [2]西南林业大学国家林草局生物多样性保育重点实验室,昆明650224

出　　处：《重庆师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第3期113-120,共8页Journal of Chongqing Normal University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(No.32160378);云南省应用基础研究计划重点项目(No.2019FA011)。

摘　　要：研究入侵植物牛膝菊(Galinsoga parviflora)在不同微生境中的表型变异及适应策略。选取生长在操场边、垃圾堆、绿化带、荒地(弃耕地)、果园和人行道边的牛膝菊种群,采用单因素方差分析、多重比较、主成分分析、聚类分析等方法分析与生长、防御相关的表型性状。单因素方差分析和多重比较结果显示:反映生长状况的株高、叶片数、花序数等性状在不同微生境牛膝菊种群间有统计学意义上的差异(p<0.05);反映防御状况的黄酮、总酚、缩合单宁含量、叶片毛密度在不同微生境牛膝菊种群间也有统计学意义的差异(p<0.05);操场边牛膝菊叶、花序的总酚、黄酮、缩合单宁含量较高,叶片毛密度最大;垃圾堆牛膝菊叶、花序的总酚、黄酮、缩合单宁含量较低,叶片毛密度最小;垃圾堆牛膝菊生物量最大而操场边牛膝菊生物量较小;不同微生境中牛膝菊表型性状的变异系数较高,变异系数平均值最大的是叶柄长,变异系数平均值最小的是株高。主成分分析结果显示对第1主成分影响较大的是与生物量相关的性状,对第2主成分影响较大的是防御性状。聚类分析结果显示操场边牛膝菊种群单独聚为1支,其他5个牛膝菊种群聚为另1支。上述结果表明在较小空间范围内,牛膝菊种群生长、防御性状也能表现出较高的变异;牛膝菊会根据生境条件的不同在生长与防御间调整资源分配,不同微生境中的牛膝菊种群具有不同的防御策略,这些特性促进了牛膝菊成功入侵各类生境。In order to explore the phenotypic variations and adaptive strategies of invasive Galinsoga parviflora in different microhabitats.The G.parviflora populations growing along the playground,rdump,green belts,uncultivated land(abandoned farmland),orchard,and kerbside were selected.Phenotypic traits related to growth and defense were analyzed using methods such as one-way ANOVA,multiple comparisons,principal component analysis,and cluster analysis.The results of one-way ANOVA and multiple comparisons showed that there were statistically significant differences(p<o.05)in traits reflecting growth status,such as plant height,leaf number,and inflorescence number,among G.parviflora populations in different microhabitats.There were also statistically significant differences(p<o.05)in traits reflecting defense status,including the contents of flavonoids,total phenols,condensed tannin content,and leaf trichome density,among the G.parviflora populations in different microhabitats.The content of total phenols,flavonoids,and condensed tannins in the leaves and inflorescences of G.parviflora growing along the playground was higher,and the leaf trichome density was the largest.In contrast,the content of total phenols,flavonoids,and condensed tannins in the leaves and inflorescences of G.parviflora growing in the dump was lower,and the leaf trichome density was the smallest.The biomass of G.parviflora in the dump was the largest,while the biomass of G.parviflora along the playground was smaller.The coefficient of variation of phenotypic traits of G.parviflora in different microhabitats was high,with the maximum average coefficient of variation being that of petiole length and the minimum being that of plant height.The results of principal component analysis showed that the first principal component was mainly influenced by traits related to biomass,while the second principal component was mainly influenced by defense traits.Cluster analysis revealed that the G.parviflora population along the playground clustered into one group,whi

关 键 词：牛膝菊 表型变异 生长 防御 

分 类 号：Q145.1[生物学—生态学]