日本强化经济安保政策的经济动因与制约因素  

The Economic Drivers and Constraints of Japan's Strengthened Economic Security Policies

作　　者：马学礼[1] 高婷婷 MA Xueli;GAO Tingting(School of Economics,Hebei University,Baoding,Hebei,071000,China;Department of Economics,Qingdao Party School of CPC,Qingdao,Shandong,266000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北大学经济学院,河北保定071000 [2]中共青岛市委党校经济学教研部,山东青岛266000

出　　处：《现代日本经济》2024年第4期16-29,共14页Contemporary Economy OF Japan

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“‘数字丝绸之路’推进中的合规风险及中国的应对研究”(20CGJ027)。

摘　　要：依循“经济基础决定上层建筑”视角,国家赖以生存和发展的经济基础决定了经济安全保障政策的任务和限度。从任务方面看,在国际经济基础变革背景下,日本强化经济安保政策既有防止“断链”“断产”“断供”的风险规避动因,也有谋求新兴产业国际分工体系制高点的经济竞争动因。但是风险规避的过度安全化和经济竞争的高度政治化造成日益凸显的“泛安全化”趋势。从限度方面看,日本强化经济安保政策效果受现有经济基础制约,包括缺乏足够的劳动力与经济安保政策相匹配,企业间竞争会降低经济安保政策对新兴产业的牵引效果,政企利益分歧会降低日本企业对经济安保政策的配合度和执行力,国际产业竞争将削弱日本构建新兴产业及关键技术联盟的政策效果。From the perspective that"the economic base determines the superstructure",the economic foundation on which a nation relies for survival and development dictates the tasks and limits of its economic security policies.Regarding tasks,in the context of transformations in the international economic base,Japan's enhanced economic security policies are driven by the need to mitigate risks such as supply chain disruptions,production halts,and supply shortages.Additionally,there is an economic competitiveness motive to secure a dominant position in the international division of emerging industries.However,the excessive securitization of risk mitigation and the heightened politicization of economic competition have led to an increasingly prominent trend of"Pan-Securitization".Regarding limits,the effectiveness of Japan's enhanced economic security policies is constrained by its existing economic base.These constraints include a lack of sufficient labor force to match the economic security policies,reduced traction of these policies on emerging industries due to competition among Japanese enterprises,decreased cooperation and compliance of Japanese companies with export control policies due to divergences in government and corporate interests,and international industrial competition will weaken the policy effect of Japan's construction of emerging industries and key technology alliances.

关 键 词：经济基础 上层建筑 风险规避 经济竞争 泛安全化 

分 类 号：F133.135[经济管理—世界经济]