铅锌矿采选周边土壤农产品污染状况及健康风险评价  

Pollution Status and Health Risk Assessment of Soil and Agricultural Products Around Lead-zinc Mining and Dressing

作　　者：吕少银 徐光军 曾从江 LU Shao-yin;XU Guang-jun;ZENG Cong-jiang(Guizhou Academy of Environmental Science and Designing,Guiyang,Guizhou 550081;Guizhou Ecological Environment Monitoring Center,Guiyang,Guizhou 550081)

机构地区：[1]贵州省环境科学研究设计院,贵州贵阳550081 [2]贵州省生态环境监测中心,贵州贵阳550081

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2024年第17期46-50,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：为了解铅锌矿采选活动对下游农用地土壤生态环境的影响,以贵州某铅锌矿企业采矿点、选矿厂、尾矿堆场下游农用地为研究对象,采用随机布点法分别采集研究区A区、B区土壤和农产品样品,并测定8种重金属含量,采用单因子污染指数(P_(i))和内梅罗综合污染指数(P_(N))对研究区农用地土壤8种重金属(Pb、Cd、Ni、As、Hg、Cu、Cr、Zn)进行污染特征分析和风险评价,采用高危商(HQ)和高危指数(HI)评价水稻玉米中重金属对成人和儿童的健康风险。结果表明,该区域农用地土壤受到不同程度重金属污染,Cd重度污染,As和Zn轻度污染;研究区A区土壤重金属综合污染指数大于B区,Cd对综合污染指数的贡献最大;该区域农产品中重金属主要是Cd含量超标,水稻Cd超标率大于玉米;研究区水稻和玉米中重金属总量与土壤中重金属总量相关性不显著;摄入该区域水稻和玉米,单一重金属Cd和As对人体健康风险大,水稻对人体产生的健康影响可能性大,且对儿童的影响明显大于成人,玉米不会对人体产生健康影响。In order to understand the impact of lead-zinc mining and processing activities on the soil ecological environment of downstream agricultural land,taking the downstream agricultural land of a lead-zinc mining enterprise in Guizhou as the research object,and the soil and agricultural products samples in A and B areas of the study area were collected by random distribution method,and the contents of eight heavy metals were determined.The pollution characteristics and risk assessment of eight heavy metals(Pb,Cd,Ni,As,Hg,Cu,Cr,Zn)in the soil of agricultural land in the study area were analyzed by single factor pollution index(P_(i))method and Nemero comprehensive pollution index(P_(N)).High risk quotient(HQ)and high risk index(HI)were used to evaluate the health risks of heavy metals in rice and corn to adults and children.The results showed that the soil of agricultural land in this area was polluted by different degrees of heavy metals,Cd was heavily polluted,As and Zn were slightly polluted.The comprehensive pollution index of soil heavy metals in area A was greater than that in area B,and Cd contributed the most to the comprehensive pollution index.The heavy metals in agricultural products in this area were mainly Cd content exceeding the standard,and the Cd exceeding rate of rice was greater than that of corn;there was no significant correlation between the total amount of heavy metals in rice and corn and the total amount of heavy metals in soil in the study area.Intake of rice and corn in this area,single heavy metals Cd and As had a great risk to human health.Rice had a great possibility of health impact on the human body,and the impact on children was significantly greater than that on adults.Corn did not have a health impact on the human body.

关 键 词：铅锌矿采选 重金属 农产品 污染状况 健康风险 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]