膝单髁置换术后髌股关节生物力学变化的相关研究  

A study on biomechanical changes in the patellofemoral joint after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty

作　　者：黄晓丹[1] 李华[1] 杨山[1] 赵茗[1] 刘宁[1] 程艳欣[1] 陈百成[1] HUANG Xiaodan;LI Hua;YANG Shan;ZHAO Ming;LIU Ning;CHENG Yanxin;CHEN Baicheng(Department of Joint Orthopedics,Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University,Shijiazhuang 050051,China)

机构地区：[1]河北医科大学第三医院关节骨科,石家庄050051

出　　处：《中华骨与关节外科杂志》2024年第7期604-608,共5页Chinese Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery

基　　金：河北省医学科学研究课题计划(20210429)。

摘　　要：目的:采用有限元分析方法评估膝单髁置换术(UKA)后髌股关节生物力学变化。方法:对1名内侧间室骨关节炎患者进行膝关节CT扫描,根据膝关节CT扫描数据和单髁膝关节假体三维扫描数据构建正常膝关节和UKA后三维有限元模型,对UKA手术前后膝关节屈伸活动时髌股关节应力变化进行动态有限元分析。结果:屈曲角度为0°、30°时,UKA手术前后髌骨接触表面应力比较,差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05),屈曲角度为60°、90°时,UKA术后髌骨接触表面应力小于术前,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论:UKA可减轻患者膝关节屈曲时的髌股关节作用力,可应用于合并髌股关节损害的膝关节单间室骨关节炎患者的治疗。Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the biomechanical changes in the patellofemoral joint after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty(UKA)using finite element analysis.Methods:A patient with medial compartment osteoarthritis underwent a computed tomography(CT)scan of the knee joint.Using the CT scan data of the knee joint and the three-dimensional scan data of the unicondylar knee prosthesis,three-dimensional finite element models of both the normal knee joint and the knee joint after UKA were constructed.Changes in stress within the patellofemoral joint during knee flexion and extension before and after UKA were analyzed using dynamic finite element analysis.Results:At flexion angles of 0°and 30°,there was no statistically significant difference in patellar contact stress before and after UKA(both P>0.05).However,when the flexion angle was 60°or 90°,the post-UKA patellar contact stress was significantly lower than pre-UKA levels(both P<0.05).Conclusions:UKA can reduce patellofemoral joint stress during knee flexion,and can be applied in the treatment of patients with unicompartmental knee osteoarthritis complicated with patellofemoral joint damage.

关 键 词：单髁关节置换术 有限元分析 膝关节 

分 类 号：R687.3[医药卫生—骨科学]