2007—2022年黔东南州青年学生艾滋病流行特征及相关知识行为调查分析  

Epidemiological characteristics and related knowledge and behavior related to AIDS among young students in Qiandongnan Prefecture from 2007 to 2022

作　　者：黄小琴[1] 熊永香 杨兴锦 龙英[1] HUANG Xiaoqin;XIONG Yongxiang;YANG Xingjin;LONG Ying(Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Kaili 556000,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]黔东南州疾病预防控制中心,贵州凯里556000

出　　处：《中国校医》2024年第5期348-351,共4页Chinese Journal of School Doctor

摘　　要：目的了解黔东南州15~24岁青年学生艾滋病流行特征、艾滋病知识知晓情况及相关行为特征,为该人群制订有效的艾滋病防控措施提供依据。方法收集“全国艾滋病综合防治信息系统”中,黔东南州2007—2022年上报的15~24岁学生HIV/AIDS病例,分析其传播途径、发现途径等;下载2021—2022年黔东南州青年学生哨点监测数据,分析该人群艾滋病知识知晓率、危险行为特征。结果2007—2022年黔东南州累计报告15~24岁HIV/AIDS病例142例,报告病例总体呈上升趋势;男性为主(占93.66%),以同性传播为主(占62.68%)。哨点监测显示:2021、2022年青年学生艾滋病防治知识知晓率分别为99.63%、99.88%,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.365,P>0.05);2021、2022年青年学生有过性行为的所占比例分别为35.13%、30.13%,首次性行为最小年龄为15岁;最近1次与固定性伴、临时性伴、商业性伴、同性发生性行为时使用安全套的比例分别为55.56%、17.82%、0.38%、0.38%;从未做过HIV检测的青年学生占调查对象的90.13%。结论男男同性性接触是黔东南州青年学生感染HIV/AIDS的主要途径。青年学生艾滋病高危行为普遍存在,存在感染、传播艾滋病的风险。Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics,knowledge and behavior related to AIDS among students aged 15-24 years in Qiandongnan Prefecture,and to provide a basis for formulating effective measures for AIDS prevention and control.Methods The HIV/AIDS cases among students aged 15-24 years in Qiandongnan Prefecture recorded in the“National AIDS Comprehensive Prevention and Control Information System”from 2007 to 2022 were collected and analyzed.The Sentinel surveillance data from 2021 to 2022 in Qiandongnan Prefecture were downloaded,and we analyzed the students’knowledge of AIDS and the characteristics of their risk behaviors.Results From 2007 to 2022,a total of 142 HIV/AIDS cases in students aged 15-24 years were reported in Qiandongnan Prefecture,showing an upward trend in the total number of reported cases.Males accounted for 93.66%of cases,and same-sex transmission accounted for 62.68%.The results of Sentinel surveillance showed that the rates of AIDS knowledge among young students in 2021 and 2022 were 99.63%and 99.88%,respectively;the difference was not statistically significant(χ^(2)=1.365,P>0.05).The proportion of young students who had sex was 35.13%and 30.13%in these years,respectively.The minimum age for first sexual activity was 15 years old.The rate of using condoms with a fixed partner,temporary partner,commercial partner and partner of the same sex was 55.56%,17.82%,0.38%and 0.38%,respectively.Young students who had never undergone HIV testing accounted for 90.13%.Conclusion Male-to-male sexual contact is the main route of HIV/AIDS infection among young students in Qiandongnan Prefecture.High-risk behaviors for AIDS are common among young students,and there is a risk of HIV infection and transmission.

关 键 词：学生 艾滋病 流行特征 知识 行为 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学]