水培大麦苗对湖羊生产性能、血液指标及瘤胃微生物的影响  

Effects of hydroponic barley seedlings on production performance,blood indicators,and rumen microbiota of Hu sheep

作　　者：段继超 席琳乔[1] 景春梅 周小玲 马秋芸 敖维平 DUAN Jichao;XI Linqiao;JING Chunmei;ZHOU Xiaoling;MA Qiuyun;AO Weiping(Tarim University/Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Tarim Key Laboratory of Animal Husbandry Science and Technology,Alar,Xinjiang 843300,China;Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Bureau,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830000,China;Keping Xiyang Sheep Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technology Co.,Ltd.,Keping,Xinjiang 843600,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学/新疆生产建设兵团塔里木畜牧科技重点实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区畜牧兽医局,新疆乌鲁木齐830000 [3]柯坪喜羊羊农牧科技有限公司,新疆柯坪843600

出　　处：《中国饲料》2024年第17期67-74,共8页China Feed

基　　金：南疆优质饲草品种选育及饲用价值评价(2022XJSC-Z);兵团重大科技项目“揭榜挂帅”(2023AB078)。

摘　　要：为研究不同比例水培大麦苗替代玉米秸秆和玉米青贮对湖羊生产性能、屠宰性能、血液指标及瘤胃微生物区系的影响,选择50只湖羊,随机分为5组,每组10只,对照组(CK组)饲喂基础日粮,试验组(A、B、C、D组)水培大麦苗添加比例为5%、10%、15%和20%。结果表明:(1)C、D组干物质采食量(DMI)显著低于CK组(P<0.05),B、C、D组料重比(F/G)极显著低于CK组和A组(P<0.01)。(2)D组屠宰率显著高于CK组(P<0.05),试验组肌肉红度(a*)显著高于CK组(P<0.05)。(3)D组高密度脂蛋白(HDL)显著高于CK组(P<0.05),C、D组肌酐(CR)显著低于CK组(P<0.05);水培大麦苗极显著提升湖羊葡萄糖(GLU)含量(P<0.01);极显著提升湖羊免疫球蛋白G和免疫球蛋白M含量,替代比列达到15%以上免疫球蛋白A极显著提升(P<0.05)。(4)C、D组纤维杆菌门(Fibrobacterota)相对丰度显著增加(P<0.05);B、C、D组瘤胃球菌科UCG_002(UCG_002)和普雷沃氏菌属_UCG_003(Prevotellaceae_UCG_003)相对丰度显著增加(P<0.05),水培大麦苗降低了Candidatus_Saccharimonas相对丰度。综上所述,水培大麦苗可以提高湖羊生产性能和屠宰性能,增强免疫能力,调节瘤胃微生物区系与功能,建议替代比例为15%~20%。The objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of different proportions of hydroponic barley seedlings replacing corn straw and corn silage on production performance,slaughter performance,blood indicators,and rumen microbiota in Hu sheep.Fifty Hu sheep were selected and randomly divided into five groups,and each replaction with ten sheep.The control group(CK)was given a basic diet,while the experimental groups(A,B,C and D)were respectively given 5%,10%,15%and 20%hydroponic barley seedlings.The results showed that:(1)Groups C and D had significantly lower dry matter intake(DMI)compared with group CK(P<0.05),while F/G in groups B,C and D was significantly lower than those in groups CK and A(P<0.01).(2)The slaughter rate of group D was significantly higher than that of group CK(P<0.05),and the muscle redness(a*)of experimental groups was significantly higher than that of group CK(P<0.05).(3)Group D had significantly higher high-density lipoprotein(HDL)compared with group CK(P<0.05),while the creatinine(CR)of groups C and D were significantly lower than that of group CK(P<0.05).Hydroponic barley seedlings could significantly increased the glucose(GLU)content of Hu sheep(P<0.01),and significantly increased the content of immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin M in Hu sheep with a substitution ratio of over 15%,with a significant increase in immunoglobulin A(P<0.05).(4)The relative abundance of Fibrobacterota in groups C and D significantly increased(P<0.05),while groups C and D Ruminococcidae UCG_002 and Prevotella_UCG_003 showed significant increase in relative abundance(P<0.05),with a significant decrease in the abundance of Candidatus_Saccharimonas of group A(P<0.05).In conclusion,hydroponic barley seedlings could improve production and slaughter performance,enhance the immune capacity,regulate the rumen microbiota and function of Hu sheep,and the optimal substitution ratio was 15%~20%.

关 键 词：水培大麦苗 湖羊 生产性能 屠宰性能 血液指标 瘤胃微生物区系 

分 类 号：S816.5[农业科学—饲料科学]