取食2种寄主植物对番茄潜叶蛾生长发育及解毒酶活性的影响  

Effects of feeding two host plants on growth and development and detoxification enzyme activity of Tuta absoluta

作　　者：周昭旭[1] 杨亚贤 钱秀娟 刘月英[1] 张美娇 王明娥 ZHOU Zhaoxu;YANG Yaxian;QIAN Xiujuan;LIU Yueying;ZHANG Meijiao;WANG Minge(Institute of Plant Protection,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Gansu Province Agricultural Pest NaturalEnemy Engineering Research Center,Lanzhou 730070,China;College of Plant Protection,Gansu AgriculturalUniversity,Lanzhou 730070,China;Jiuquan Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center,Jiuquan 735000,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业科学院植物保护研究所,甘肃省农业害虫天敌工程研究中心,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学植物保护学院,甘肃兰州730070 [3]酒泉市农业技术推广服务中心,甘肃酒泉735000

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2024年第4期91-96,103,共7页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1400203-4);甘肃省农业科技支撑项目(KJZC-2023-17);酒泉市科技支撑计划项目(2022CA107);甘肃省科技计划(重点研发计划-农业类)资助项目(23YFNA0004)。

摘　　要：【目的】为探究番茄潜叶蛾取食转移危害马铃薯的可能,为该害虫的田间防控制定科学合理的方案。【方法】选取2种寄主植物番茄Lycopersicon esculentum、马铃薯Solanum tuberosum,研究番茄潜叶蛾取食不同寄主植物后各阶段的发育历期、存活率等生物学参数,并测定取食后12 h、24 h和48 h时体内羧酸酯酶、细胞色素P450和谷胱甘肽S-转移酶活性的变化。【结果】番茄潜叶蛾取食番茄叶片时的幼虫发育历期、成虫寿命、幼虫存活率均显著高于取食马铃薯叶片的个体(P<0.05);但其卵期、蛹期、蛹质量、雌蛹占比、卵孵化率、羽化率、产卵量间则无差异;取食2种寄主植物后,番茄潜叶蛾体内3种解毒酶活性均表现为取食马铃薯叶片后升高,取食番茄叶片后下降,且取食马铃薯叶片后其酶活均高于取食番茄叶片后其体内酶活。【结论】取食番茄有利于番茄潜叶蛾的生长发育,番茄潜叶蛾对番茄的适合度高于马铃薯。且取食2种寄主植物后,番茄潜叶蛾体内不同解毒酶活性表现出不同差异,与取食寄主植物的偏好性表现出相关性,取食适合度高的寄主植物其体内解毒酶活性变化小且含量低,反之则表现为解毒酶活性变化快、含量高。【Objective】The aim of this study was to investigate the potential for tomato leaf miners to feed on and transition to harming potatoes,leading to the development of a scientifically sound strategy for field control of this pest.【Method】Two host plants,tomato(Lycopersicon esculentum)and potato(Sola⁃num tuberosum),were chosen to examine the developmental timeframe and survival rate of tomato leaf miners after feeding on different hosts.The activities of carboxylesterase,cytochrome P450,and glutathione S-transferase were assessed at 12 hours,24 hours,and 48 hours post-feeding.【Result】The larval developmental period,adult lifespan,and larval survival rate of tomato leaf miners were significantly higher than those of potato leaf miners(P<0.05).However,no variations were observed in the egg stage,pupal stage,pupal weight,female pupa ratio,egg hatching rate,emergence rate,and oviposition quantity.Following feeding on both host plants,the three detoxification enzyme activities of tomato leaf miners increased after consuming potato leaves and decreased after consuming tomato leaves,with potato leaf miner enzyme activities surpassing those of tomato leaf miners.【Conclusion】Feeding on tomatoes favored the growth of tomato leaf miners,indicating a greater affinity of tomato leaf miners for tomatoes over potatoes.Post-feeding on the two host plants,variations in the activity levels of different detoxification enzymes in tomato leaf miners were observed,reflecting a correlation with host plant feeding preferences.Host plants with higher feeding suitability exhibited minimal changes and lower detoxification enzyme activity levels,while those less suitable experienced rapid changes and higher enzyme activity levels.

关 键 词：番茄潜叶蛾 不同寄主 生长发育 解毒酶 转移危害 

分 类 号：S436.4129[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]