干旱条件下苔藓层对祁连山青海云杉林土壤水分变化的缓冲作用  

Moss-dominated biocrusts as bumper for soil moisture in a Picea crassifolia forest on the Qilian Mountains during dry years

作　　者：朱高红 王晓 薛亚东[2] ZHU Gaohong;WANG Xiao;XUE Yadong(Gansu Qilian Mountain National Nature Reserve Management Center,Zhangye 734000,China;Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of the State Forestry Administration of China,Beijing 100091,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃祁连山国家级自然保护区管护中心,甘肃张掖734000 [2]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与自然保护研究所,国家林业和草原局森林生态环境重点实验室,北京100091

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2024年第4期178-185,共8页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金国际合作与交流项目“气候季节性差异下半干旱区森林生态水文与固碳的关系”(42161144008)。

摘　　要：【目的】探讨干旱条件下苔藓层对青海云杉林土壤水分变化的影响,为理解气候变化背景下旱区土壤水分的变化规律及森林可持续管理提供依据。【方法】通过对干旱年和常水年有、无苔藓样地土壤水分的连续观测,分析不同干旱条件下苔藓层对土壤水分的影响。【结果】年际尺度上,常水年有、无苔藓样地平均土壤含水量分别为(29.5±6.1)%、(29.6±7.1)%,干旱年有、无苔藓样地平均土壤含水量分别为(22.3±4.7)%、(27.7±4.2)%;常水年苔藓层对青海云杉林土壤水分无显著影响(P>0.05),干旱年苔藓层会显著增加土壤含水量(P<0.05)。年内尺度上,不同月份苔藓层对土壤水分的作用存在差异,表现为生长季早期苔藓层对青海云杉林土壤水分的作用不显著(P>0.05),生长季中后期作用显著(P<0.05)。不同降雨条件下苔藓层对土壤水分的影响显著。晴天或小雨条件下,苔藓层对土壤水分作用不明显(P>0.05),中大雨条件下,苔藓层会显著增加土壤含水量(P<0.05)。【结论】苔藓通过增加入渗和抑制土壤蒸发,从而在干旱条件下对土壤水分变化起到缓冲作用。【Objective】The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of moss layer on soil moisture in Qinghai spruce forest under different drought conditions,so as to provide theoretical basis for sustainable management of forests under climate change.【Method】The effect of moss layer on soil moisture under different drought events was quantified through continuous observation of soil moisture in the area with or without moss cover during dry and normal water years.【Result】In the interannual scale,the average moisture content in the soil with or without moss in normal water years was(29.5±6.1)%and(29.6±7.1)%,respectively,and that in dry years was(22.3±4.7)%and(27.7±4.2)%,respectively.Moss layer had no significant effect on soil moisture in normal water years(P>0.05),while could significant increase soil moisture in dry years(P<0.05).Within the year,the effect of moss layer on soil moisture showed notable difference among different months;namely,the effect was not significant in the early growing season(May-June)(P>0.05),but significant in the middle and late growing season(July-September)(P<0.05).The influence of moss layer on soil water was different under different rainfall events.Moss layer had no significant effect on soil moisture in sunny or light rain events(P>0.05),but could significantly increase soil water in moderate or heavy rain events(P<0.05).【Conclusion】The moss layer has a buffering effect on soil water change under seasonal drought events through improving water infiltration rate and inhibiting evaporation.

关 键 词：青海云杉 祁连山 苔藓层 土壤水分 干旱 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]