小麦富锌育种的发展现状及研究趋势  

Development status and research trend of zinc-rich wheat breeding

作　　者：张诗琦 刘含章 胡能兵[1] 朱守晶 ZHANG Shiqi;LIU Hanzhang;HU Nengbing;ZHU Shoujing(Anhui University of Science and Technology,Fengyang 233100,China;Anhui Shenggu Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd.,Hefei 230061,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽科技学院,安徽凤阳233100 [2]安徽昇谷农业科技有限公司,安徽合肥230061

出　　处：《安徽农学通报》2024年第17期1-5,共5页Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：安徽省高校理工科教师赴企业挂职实践计划项目(2024jsqygz68);安徽省高校自然科学研究项目(2023AH051846);国家自然科学基金(32260088);安徽科技学院大学生创新创业训练计划项目(X202310879064)。

摘　　要：本文总结分析了农田土壤锌含量分布现状、锌对小麦籽粒营养品质的影响、小麦对锌的吸收积累特性以及小麦籽粒锌营养强化途径等。土壤中锌含量的分布特征与地形地貌、地质构造和生态环境等密切相关,部分小麦主产区的土壤中锌含量较低。锌是一种重要的微量元素,对小麦籽粒淀粉和蛋白质含量均有影响,一般被植物根系吸收后,在根部压力或蒸腾作用下被输送到地上部,或者被横向输送到韧皮部,由韧皮部进行向上或向下的运输,再被运输到各组织和器官中。小麦锌强化途径包括遗传改良育种、农艺改良和生物技术应用等。研究结果为小麦富锌育种提供了一些新的思路。The current distribution of zinc content in farmland soil,the impact of zinc on the nutritional quality of wheat grains,the absorption and accumulation characteristics of zinc by wheat,and the ways to enhance zinc nutrition in wheat grains were summarized and analyzed.The distribution pattern of zinc content in soil was closely related to topography,geological structure,and ecological environment.In some wheat producing areas,the zinc content in soil is relatively low.Zinc is an important trace element that affects the starch and protein content of wheat grains.It was generally absorbed by plant roots and transported to the aboveground part under pressure or transpiration,or horizontally transported to the phloem,where it was transported upwards or downwards and then transported to various tissues and organs.The ways to enhance zinc in wheat include genetic improvement breeding,agronomic improvement,and application biotechnology.The research results provide some new ideas for zinc-rich wheat breeding.

关 键 词：小麦 土壤锌含量 锌分布和积累 锌强化 富锌育种 

分 类 号：S512[农业科学—作物学]