肥料种类和用量对水稻生长及产量的影响  

Effects of fertilizer types and dosage on rice growth and yield

作　　者：高天强 叶凌凤 GAO Tianqiang;YE Lingfeng(Jiangsu Dahua Seed Enterprise Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 210019,China;Institute of Modern Agriculture,Jiangsu Provincial Agricultural Reclamation and Development Corporation,Nanjing 210019,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省大华种业集团有限公司,江苏南京210019 [2]江苏省农垦农业发展股份有限公司现代农业研究院,江苏南京210019

出　　处：《安徽农学通报》2024年第17期22-25,共4页Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin

摘　　要：为了探究不同肥料及其用量对水稻生长及产量品质的影响,本试验选用化肥、有机肥和活性硅钙肥料等,设置多种施肥及用量方案(不施肥、常规施肥、优化施肥、有机无机肥配施和活性硅钙肥),以探究肥料种类及其用量在水稻生产中的应用效果。结果表明,水稻的灌浆速率在有机无机肥配施和活性硅钙肥2个处理下达到较高水平,且灌浆时间较长,利于籽粒的形成;水稻的光合作用在不施肥和活性硅钙肥2个处理下较弱,在其余处理下较强,利于有机物的积累;水稻产量排名从高到低依次为有机无机肥配施>常规施肥>活性硅钙肥>优化施肥>不施肥;稻米品质在常规施肥和有机无机肥配施2个处理中处于较优水平。综合来看,推荐水稻种植采用有机无机肥配施方式,有利于促进水稻的生长发育,提高产量和品质。In order to explore the effects of different fertilizers and their dosage on rice growth,yield and quality,such as chemical fertilizers,organic fertilizers,and active silicon calcium fertilizers were selected,and multiple fertilization and dosage schemes(no fertilization,conventional fertilization,optimized fertilization,organic-inorganic fertilizer combination,and active silicon calcium fertilizer)were seted up to explore the application effects of fertilizer types and dosages in rice production.The results showed that the grain filling rate of rice reached a high level under the combination of organic-inorganic fertilizers and silicon calcium fertilizers,and a longer grain filling time was beneficial for grain formation.The photosynthesis of rice was weaker under two treatments of no fertilization and silicon calcium fertilizer,while the photosynthesis ability was stronger under the other treatments,which was conducive to the accumulation of organic matter.The ranking of rice yield from high to low,they were combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers>conventional fertilization>active silicon calcium fertilizer>optimized fertilization>no fertilization.The rice quality were at an optimal level in both conventional fertilization and the combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers.Overall,it is recommended to use a combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers for rice cultivation,which is beneficial for promoting the growth and development of rice,and improving yield and quality.

关 键 词：肥料 水稻 灌浆速率 叶绿素 水稻产量 稻米品质 

分 类 号：S511.41[农业科学—作物学]