山区典型村域耕地边际化过程及驱动因素  

Process and driving factors of farmland marginalizationin typical villages in mountainous areas

作　　者：辜磊 冯应斌[1] 李静静 胡梅 冯德东 GU Lei;FENG Yingbin;LI Jingjing;HU Mei;FENG Dedong(School of Public Administration,Guizhou University of Finance and Economics,Guiyang 550025,China;School of Public Administration,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州财经大学公共管理学院,贵阳550025 [2]广西大学公共管理学院,南宁530004

出　　处：《资源科学》2024年第7期1406-1420,共15页Resources Science

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年项目(22YJCZH030);国家自然科学基金项目(42261044)。

摘　　要：【目的】通过探讨山区典型村域耕地边际化演变过程、发展阶段及驱动因子,进一步凝练耕地边际化特征及机理,为广泛山区耕地利用与农业可持续发展提供借鉴与支撑。【方法】本文基于2000—2020年贵州省六盘水市舍烹村及猴场村641份农户调查问卷,通过构建耕地边际化评价指标体系,引入耕地边际化发展强度、耕地边际化贡献率及耕地边际化阶段识别方法,探讨村域间的耕地边际化演变过程、阶段特征及驱动因素。【结果】①耕地边际化包含显性层面的地类用途转移和隐性层面的要素投入变化,完整的发展过程应由初始期、发展期、渐变期及趋稳期组成,其发展速率及阶段特征受到宏微观因素的综合影响;②研究期内舍烹村与猴场村的耕地边际化呈现指数逐渐上升但强度逐渐下降趋势,前者整体耕地边际化指数略低于后者,随着时间推移,隐性边际化构成了其耕地利用变化的主要内容;③耕地流转行为和劳动力特征对城乡融合型村域的耕地边际化起主导作用,耕地利用条件和资源禀赋对于传统农业型村域的耕地边际化产生显著影响。【结论】山区耕地边际化有着自然因素及社会经济演变的必然趋势,城乡融合型村域应通过持续的农地制度创新、整合村域发展要素等举措建立粮食与生态安全间的适度平衡;传统农业型村域应通过强化政策扶持引导、优化农业产业结构等策略合理应对耕地边际化趋势。[Objective]The purpose of the study was to explore the evolution process,development stages,and driving factors of farmland marginalization in typical villages in mountainous areas,to examine the characteristics and mechanisms of farmland marginalization and provide theoretical references and case studies for the sustainable development of agriculture and rural revitalization of a wide range of mountainous villages.[Methods]Based on the data of two typical villages in Liupanshui City of Guizhou Province from 2000 to 2020 and 641 survey questionnaires of farmers,this study constructed an evaluation index system for farmland marginalization from explicit and implicit perspectives,introduced the concepts of farmland marginalization intensity and marginalization contribution rate,to identify the process and stage characteristics of farmland marginalization.[Results]The results show that:(1)Farmland marginalization includes the transfer of land use at the explicit level and factor input changes at the implicit level,the complete development process is composed of the initial period,development period,gradual change period,and stabilization period,and the development rate and stage characteristics are affected by a combination of macro and micro factors.(2)Farmland marginalization in Shepeng Village and Houchang Village showed a trend of gradually increasing index values but gradually decreasing intensity,and the overall farmland marginalization index value of the former was lower than that of the latter during the study period,with implicit marginalization constituting the main part.(3)In terms of influencing factors,farmland transfer behavior and labor force characteristics played a dominant role in farmland marginalization in urban-rural integration-type villages,and farmland utilization conditions and resource endowment played an important role in farmland marginalization in traditional agricultural villages.[Conclusion]Farmland marginalization in mountainous areas experienced the inevitable impact of natural facto

关 键 词：耕地边际化 城乡融合 农业生产 驱动因素 山区 贵州省 

分 类 号：F323.211[经济管理—产业经济]