各向异性膨胀石墨双极板对燃料电池性能的影响  

Influence of anisotropic conductive expanded graphite bipolar plates on performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cell

作　　者：丁玉杰 甘全全 邵扬斌 徐梁飞[2] 李建秋[2] 欧阳明高[2] DING Yujie;GAN Quanquan;SHAO Yangbin;XU Liangfei;LI Jianqiu;OUYANG Minggao(School of Civil Engineering,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510006,China;School of Vehicle and Mobility,Tsinghua University,State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Green Vehicle and Mobility(Former:State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy),Beijing 100084,China;Shanghai Shenli Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201401,China)

机构地区：[1]广州大学土木工程学院,广州510006 [2]清华大学车辆与运载学院,智能绿色车辆与交通全国重点实验室(原汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室),北京100084 [3]上海神力科技有限公司,上海201401

出　　处：《汽车安全与节能学报》2024年第4期526-535,共10页Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52102426);清华大学汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室开放基金课题(KFY2216)。

摘　　要：该文分析了膨胀石墨双极板(EGBPs)各向异性结构对燃料电池水热管理与输出性能的影响。建立了三维两相非等温数值模型,对比了4种典型复合材料结构下温度、电流密度、水含量等参数的分布特征,揭示了双极板传热特性与输出性能的耦合效应。结果表明:沿质子传递方向热导率(k_z)对燃料电池性能具有显著影响,在2.2 A cm^(-2)电流密度下,将k_z从常规结构的5 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1)提升至280 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1),可以使输出性能提高22 m V;沿流道气体流动方向的热导率(k_y)是影响散热能力的关键因素,将k_y与k_z提高至280 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1),或者实现各向同性结构(k_x=k_y=k_z=20 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1)),均能够使膜电极组件(MEA)核心区域的温度降低2℃左右。因此,提高k_y与k_z并实现各向同性结构是膨胀石墨双极板技术的未来发展目标之一。Established a three-dimensional,two-phase,non-isothermal fuel cell single channel model to investigate the influence of anisotropic structure of Expanded Graphite Bipolar Plates(EGBPs)on thermal management and the performances of proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC).The distribution of temperature,the current density and the membrane water content under four main material orientations were compared.The coupling effect between EGBPs heat transfer characteristics and the outperformance were revealed.The results show that increasing the conductivity along proton-transport direction kz from the 5 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1)for a traditional structure to the 280 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1),enhances the voltage by 22 mV under 2.2 A cm^(-2).The conductivity along gas-flow direction ky plays an important role in heat dissipation.Increasing ky and kz to 280 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1),or accomplishing isotropic conductivity(kx=ky=kz=20 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1)),reduces the Membrane-Electrode-Assembly(MEA)core-area peak-temperature by 2℃.Therefore,enhancing the gas-flow and proton-transport direction conductivities and accomplishing isotropic structure are one of the future main development goal of expanded graphite bipolar plates.

关 键 词：质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC) 膨胀石墨双极板(EGBPs) 各向异性导热 水热管理 散热能力 

分 类 号：TM911.4[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]