陕西省急性弛缓性麻痹病例中脊髓灰质炎病毒监测分析  

Analysis of Poliovirus surveillance in acute flaccid paralysis cases in Shaanxi Province

作　　者：李鹂[1] 杜燕华 董媛媛 周天天 司源[1] 张少白[1] 胡伟军[1] LI li;DU Yanhua;DONG Yuanyuan;ZHOU Tiantian;SI Yuan;ZHANG Shaobai;HU Weijun(Shaanxi Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xi′an,Shaanxi 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省疾病预防控制中心,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2024年第9期842-846,共5页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：陕西省卫生健康科研基金项目(2022A014);2022年中央财政重大公共卫生项目(疾控部分)(财社[2021]166号)。

摘　　要：目的分析陕西省急性弛缓性麻痹(acute flaccid paralysis,AFP)病例及接触者病毒分离和鉴定情况,为继续维持无脊髓灰质炎状态提供理论依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法进行指标描述,将2014—2021年陕西省报告的AFP病例及接触者粪便标本,采用转人类脊髓灰质炎病毒受体小鼠肺细胞(mouse cell line expressing the gene for human cellular receptor for Poliovirus,L20B)系和人横纹肌肉瘤(rhabdomyosarcoma,RD)细胞,根据WHO《脊髓灰质炎实验室手册》开展脊髓灰质炎病毒(Poliovirus,PV)检测,对L20B阳性分离物采取逆转录-聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)法扩增VP1区片段,同时开展核苷酸序列测定分析。结果从1104份AFP病例及接触者粪便标本检出7份PV阳性,14株PV,分离率为0.63%,分离非脊髓灰质炎肠道病毒(non-polio Enteroviruses,NPEV)36株,分离率为3.26%。相比昆明株和Sabin株,脊髓灰质炎病毒VP1区核苷酸<6个变异的为13株,1株发生9个变异;NPEV阳性分离例数7月和8月较多,占总数的30.56%。结论陕西省AFP监测系统运行良好,2014—2021年未发现野生型脊髓灰质炎病毒(wild Poliovirus,WPV)及疫苗衍生脊髓灰质炎病毒(vaccine-derived Poliovirus,VDPV),继续保持无脊髓灰质炎状态。Objective To analyze the virus isolation and identification of acute flaccid paralysis(AFP)cases and contacts in Shaanxi Province,and to provide a theoretical basis for the continued maintenance of polio-free status.Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to describe the indicators.Fecal specimens from AFP cases and contacts reported in Shaanxi Province from 2014 to 2021 were tested for Poliovirus(PV)using mouse cell line expressing the gene for human cellular receptor for Poliovirus(L20B)and human rhabdomyosarcoma(RD)cells according to the WHO Laboratory Biosafety Manual.The L20B-positive isolates were analyzed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)method to amplify the VP1 region fragments as well as to carry out nucleic acid sequence determination.Results A total of 7 PV-positive and 14 PV strains were detected from 1104 fecal specimens of AFP cases and contacts,with an isolation rate of 0.63%,and 36 strains of non-polio Enteroviruses(NPEV)were isolated,with an isolation rate of 3.26%.Compared with the Kunming and Sabin strains,there were 13 strains with<6 nucleotide variations in the VP1 region of Poliovirus,and 1 strain had 9 nucleotide variations.The number of positive isolates of NPEV were higher in July and August,accounting for 30.56%of the total.Conclusion The AFP surveillance system in Shaanxi Province runs well.No wild Poliovirus(WPV)or vaccine-derived Poliovirus(VDPV)is detected from 2014 to 2021,a continued polio-free status.

关 键 词：急性弛缓性麻痹 脊髓灰质炎病毒 非脊髓灰质炎肠道病毒 核苷酸序列 监测 分析 

分 类 号：R512.4[医药卫生—内科学]