基于WQI的南水北调东线江苏段水质评价及时空分布特征  

Water Quality Evaluation and Spatial-temporal Distribution Characteristics of the East Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project in Jiangsu Province Based on WQI

作　　者：徐若诗 逄勇[1,2] 罗缙[1,2] 马秋霞 胡祉冰 段志强 XU Ruo-shi;PANG Yong;LUO Jin;MA Qiu-xia;HU Zhi-bing;DUAN Zhi-qiang(Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes,Ministry of Education,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;College of Environment,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学浅水湖泊综合治理与资源开发教育部重点实验室,南京210098 [2]河海大学环境学院,南京210098

出　　处：《环境科学》2024年第9期5227-5234,共8页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52000100)。

摘　　要：为探究大型水利工程辐射区域河流水质变化特征,以南水北调东线江苏段为例,基于综合水质指数(WQI)评价方法,结合Mann-Kendal(l M-K)趋势检验法以及地理信息系统(GIS),对2013~2022年南水北调东线江苏段13个国家考核断面水质时空变化特征进行评价与分析.结果表明,研究区域水质评价等级以“中等”和“良好”为主,整体平均值为74.03,达到“良好”等级,DO、BOD5和NH4+-N为影响地区河流水质变化的主要指标.时间角度分析,2013~2022年间,流域水质明显改善,但2021年出现较大程度的反弹,该现象在2022年得到有效控制,年内水质表现为非汛期优于汛期;空间角度分析,受降雨、常住人口数和种植养殖规模等因素影响,区域内南部水质优于北部,且南部水质改善速度较快,但S11(三垛西大桥)断面水质普遍低于其它断面,需着重关注.The east route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project in Jiangsu Province was used as an example to investigate the characteristics of changes in water quality in the area affected by significant water diversion projects.Based on the comprehensive assessment method of the water quality index(WQI),the M-K trend test,and the geographic information system(GIS),the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of water quality in the 13 national assessment sections of the east route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project in Jiangsu Province were evaluated and analyzed from 2013 to 2022.The results showed that the water quality assessment grades in the study area were mainly“medium”and“good.”The overall mean value was 74.03,indicating“good”water quality.DO,BOD5,and NH4+-N were the primary indicators of changes in river water quality in the region.Over time,the water quality in the basin had significantly improved from 2013 to 2022.However,there was a rebound in 2021,but this phenomenon was effectively controlled in 2022.Water quality was better during the non-flood season compared to that during the flood season.From a spatial perspective,the water quality in the southern part of the region was superior to that in the north.Furthermore,the rate of improvement was faster in the south.This could be attributed to factors such as precipitation,population density,and the scale of agricultural and livestock activities.However,the water quality of the S11(Sanduoxi Bridge)section was generally lower than that of other sections and should be given further attention.

关 键 词：水质评价 综合水质指数法 时空分布特征 大型水利工程 南水北调东线工程 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程]