安徽铜陵典型矿区周边土壤重金属污染评价及来源解析  

Pollution Assessment and Source Apportionment of Heavy Metals in the Surrounding Soil of Typical Mining Areas in Tongling,Anhui Province

作　　者：林曼利 胡振琪 彭位华 叶文玲[3] 张春雷[4] 黄欣瑞 陈松 桂和荣 LIN Man-li;HU Zhen-qi;PENG Wei-hua;YE Wen-ling;ZHANG Chun-lei;HUANG Xin-rui;CHEN Song;GUI He-rong(School of Environment and Spatial Informatics,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;School of Resources and Civil Engineering,Suzhou University,Suzhou 234000,China;College of Resources and Environment,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China;Institute of Geo-analysis of Anhui Province,Hefei 230001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院,徐州221116 [2]宿州学院资源与土木工程学院,宿州234000 [3]安徽农业大学资源与环境学院,合肥230036 [4]安徽省地质实验研究所,合肥230001

出　　处：《环境科学》2024年第9期5494-5505,共12页Environmental Science

基　　金：安徽省自然资源科技项目(2022-K-8);安徽省自然科学基金项目(2008085MD122);安徽省高校优秀青年支持重点项目(gxyqZD2021134);宿州学院2021年度科研发展基金项目(2021fzjj28)。

摘　　要：为探究铜陵典型矿区周边土壤重金属污染水平、生态风险及污染来源,共采集研究区150个土壤样品,分析了As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Mn、Ni、Pb、Fe和Zn等10种元素含量特征;运用富集因子法、地累积指数法、单因子污染指数法、内梅罗综合污染指数法和潜在生态风险指数法对研究区土壤重金属污染状况进行评价;利用相关性分析、聚类分析和主成分分析探究土壤重金属来源.结果表明,除Cr和Fe外,其余8种重金属含量平均值均高于研究区土壤背景值,其中Pb、Zn、As、Cu和Cd变异程度大,受外界干扰显著;空间分布表明,Cr和Ni均呈由边缘向中心区域递减趋势,而其余8种重金属均呈由中心区域向四周递减趋势;研究区土壤中Cd和Cu的污染程度较为严重;生态风险整体处于中低生态风险水平,且Cd和Hg是主要贡献因子;As、Cd、Cu、Fe、Mn、Pb和Zn主要来自农业、工业和交通综合源,而Cr和Ni主要为自然源,Hg的来源相对较复杂.研究结果可为金属矿区土壤重金属污染防治和治理修复提供科学依据.To study the level of heavy metal pollution and ecological risks in the soil around typical mining areas in Tongling,a total of 150 soil samples were collected from the study area.The content characteristics of 10 elements,namely,As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Hg,Mn,Ni,Pb,Fe,and Zn,in the soils were analyzed.Methods including enrichment factor,the geoaccumulation index,single-factor pollution index,Nemero comprehensive pollution index,and potential ecological risk index were used to evaluate the pollution status of heavy metals in the soil of the study area.The pollution sources of heavy metals in the soil were also analyzed using correlation analysis,cluster analysis,and principal component analysis.The results showed that except for Cr and Fe,the average contents of the other eight heavy metal elements were higher than the soil background values in the study area.Pb,Zn,As,Cu,and Cd had a high degree of variation and were significantly affected by external interference.The spatial distribution showed that both Cr and Ni showed a decreasing trend from the edge to the central region,whereas the other eight heavy metals showed a decreasing trend from the central region to the surrounding areas.The pollution level of Cd and Cu in the soil of the research area was relatively severe.The overall ecological risk was at a medium to low level.Cd and Hg were the main contributing factors.As,Cd,Cu,Fe,Mn,Pb,and Zn mainly came from agricultural,industrial,and transportation sources,whereas Cr and Ni were mainly from natural sources.However,the sources of Hg were relatively complex.The research results can provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of soil heavy metal pollution in metal mining areas,as well as the remediation of mine pollution.

关 键 词：土壤 重金属 污染评价 源解析 铜陵矿区 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]