Biochar potentially enhances maize tolerance to arsenic toxicity by improving physiological and biochemical responses to excessive arsenate  

作　　者：Md.Mezanur Rahman Ashim Kumar Das Sharmin Sultana Protik Kumar Ghosh Md.Robyul Islam Sanjida Sultana Keya Minhaz Ahmed Sheikh Arafat Islam Nihad MdArifur Rahman Khan Mylea C.Lovell Md.Abiar Rahman S.M.Ahsan Touhidur Rahman Anik Pallavi Fnu Lam-Son Phan Tran Mohammad Golam Mostofa 

机构地区：[1]Department of Plant,Soil Science,Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance,Texas Tech University,Lubbock,TX 79409,USA [2]Department of Agroforestry,Environment,Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University,Gazipur 1706,Bangladesh [3]Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering(IBGE),Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University,Gazipur 1706,Bangladesh [4]Department of Agronomy,Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University,Gazipur 1706,Bangladesh [5]Plant Pathology Division,Bangladesh Rice Research Institute,Gazipur 1701,Bangladesh [6]Department of Agriculture,Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science,Technology University,Gopalganj 8100,Bangladesh [7]Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory,Michigan State University,East Lansing,MI 48824,USA [8]Plant Resilience Institute,Michigan State University,East Lansing,MI 48824,USA [9]Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,Michigan State University,East Lansing,MI 48824,USA

出　　处：《Biochar》2023年第1期1222-1242,共21页生物炭（英文）

摘　　要：Metalloid pollution,including arsenic poisoning,is a serious environmental issue,plaguing plant productivity and quality of life worldwide.Biochar,a carbon-rich material,has been known to alleviate the negative effects of environmental pollutants on plants.However,the specific role of biochar in mitigating arsenic stress in maize remains relatively unexplored.Here,we elucidated the functions of biochar in improving maize growth under the elevated level of sodium arsenate(Na_(2)AsO_(4),AsV).Maize plants were grown in pot-soils amended with two doses of biochar(2.5%(B1)and 5.0%(B2)biochar Kg^(−1) of soil)for 5 days,followed by exposure to Na_(2)AsO_(4)(’B1+AsV’and’B2+AsV’)for 9 days.Maize plants exposed to AsV only accumulated substantial amount of arsenic in both roots and leaves,triggering severe phytotoxic effects,including stunted growth,leaf-yellowing,chlorosis,reduced photosynthesis,and nutritional imbalance,when compared with control plants.Contrariwise,biochar addition improved the phenotype and growth of AsV-stressed maize plants by reducing root-to-leaf AsV translocation(by 46.56 and 57.46%in‘B1+AsV’and‘B2+AsV’plants),improving gas-exchange attributes,and elevating chlorophylls and mineral levels beyond AsV-stressed plants.Biochar pretreatment also substantially counteracted AsV-induced oxidative stress by lowering reactive oxygen species accumulation,lipoxygenase activity,malondialdehyde level,and electrolyte leakage.Less oxidative stress in‘B1+AsV’and‘B2+AsV’plants likely supported by a strong antioxidant system powered by biochar-mediated increased activities of superoxide dismutase(by 25.12 and 46.55%),catalase(51.78 and 82.82%),and glutathione S-transferase(61.48 and 153.83%),and improved flavonoid levels(41.48 and 75.37%,respectively).Furthermore,increased levels of soluble sugars and free amino acids also correlated with improved leaf relative water content,suggesting a better osmotic acclimatization mechanism in biochar-pretreated AsV-exposed plants.Overall,our findings p

关 键 词：Arsenic contamination Antioxidant defense system BIOCHAR Gas-exchange attributes Nutrient dynamics Oxidative stress 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] S43